Chp 6 Flashcards
Bones are _____ which, along with their associated cartilages, form the skeleton system
Organs
Cite of blood cell production : occurs in red bone marrow
Hemopoiesis
_______ storage in yellow bone marrow
Triglyceride
How many types of bone?
206
On the basis of shapes: there are ____ types of bones
5
Longer than it is while; made up of compact bone on the outside with spongy bone on the inside… ex. Tibia
Long bones
Cubed shaped bone- spongy bone in the inside, compact bone on the outside layer… ex. Wrist and ankle (tarsal & carpal bones)
Short bones
____ are Between the external and internal tables of compact bone is a layer of spongy bone called _____ ex. Sternum, ribs, some cranial bones
Flat bones ; diploe
Doesn’t fit into previous three categories ex. Vertebra, some face bones, facial bones
Irregular bones
Are (typically) small bones embedded in tendons - reduce friction and stress ex. Patella
Sesamoid bones
In the basis of location there are also sutural bones which are located in the structures (joints) between certain____
Skull bones
Shaft of long bone
Diaphysis
________ End of long. Bone, have to have proximal and distal _______
Epipyses x2
Are regions that include epiphyseal plate, latter is replaced by epiphyseal line when bone lengthening stops
Metaphyses
Hyaline cartilage- reduce friction and absorb shock
Articular cartilage
Is attached to the underlying bone by perforating (or sharpey’s) fibers
Periosteum
Contains bone marrow; hallow
Medullary (marrow) cavity
Lines in the medulla cavity
Endosteum
The surfaces of bones have ______ or _______, structural features that are adapted to specific functions
Surface markings or osseous landmarks
Two major types of surface markings are;
Depressions and openings, and processes
Depressions and openings tend to stay with letter __
F
Processes tend to start with letter __
T
Bone or ossesous tissue contains ____ surrounding widely separated cells
Abundant matrix
The matrix of this connective tissue contains abundant mineral salts, primarily ___ and some calcium carbonate
Hydroxyapatite
Two important characteristics of bone features are:
Calcification and collagen fibers
Calcification of bone tissue gives bone____
Hardness
Collagen fibers and other organic molecules give bone _______ and ______
Flexibility and tensile strength
There are ____ major types of cells present
4
______ give rise to osteoblasts
Osteogenic cells
____ produce the bone tissue matrix
Osteoblasts
____maintain the bone tissue
Osteocytes
Function in bone resorption
Osteoclasts
According to the matrix’s arrangements, there are _____ main types of bone tissue
2
Two main types of bone tissue are;
Reticulofibrous bone or primary bone or woven bone and lamellar bone
Found in fetal bone and bone remodel
Reticulofibrous bone
Most common type of bone tissue
Lamellar bone
The two major classes of bone tissue:
Compact (cortical) bone tissue and spongy (trabecular) bone tissue
Forms the external layer of all bones; provides protection and support and helps resist stress
Compact bone
Consists of trabeculae arranged in an irregular latticework; contains spaces that are sometimes filled with red bone marrow; forms most of the interior of short, flat and irregular bones, as well as most of the interior of epiphyses of long bones
Spongy bone tissue
Bones have a ____ blood supply
Rich
Blood supply to a bone is provided by the following arteries:
Periosteal arteries & veins, nutrient artery and vein, metaphyseal arteries and vein, epiphyseal arteries and veins
Never supply to a bone consists of primarily ____ and _____
Nerves to blood vessels and sensory nerves
Bone formation involves ossification which begins around the ____ week of embryonic life and continues throughout adulthood
Sixth
