Chp 53 Flashcards
list basic emergency supplies
gloves, alcohol wipes, stethoscope, BP cuff, penlight, spirits of ammonia, O2 tank, tubing/nasal cannula/adults & peds O2 mask, ambu bag, resuscitation masks, bandage scissors, syringes, tourniquets, meds, IV supplies, bandages
list common meds in a crash cart
activated charcoal, atropine, diphenhydramine, epinephrine, furosemide, instant glucose, insulin, lidocaine, local anesthetics, nitroglycerine, phenobarbital, diazepam, sodium bicarbonate, solu-cortef, verapamil
what info should be gathered in emergencies?
- victim name
- caller’s name and number
- when problem started
- is victim conscious and breathing?
- does victim have a pulse?
- nature of situation and location
list terms that describe conditions
chronic, subtle, urgent, acute, sudden, severe, life threatening
explain the difference between urgent, sudden, and acute
- urgent = need help asap
- sudden = quick w/o warning
- acute = rapid onset, severe s/s, short course
list causes of hyperglycemia
- carbohydrates
- infection
- fever
- emotional stress
- not enough insulin
s/s: hyperglycemia
- vomiting/nausea
- extreme thirst
- confusion/tiredness
- rapid & deep respiration
- flushed and dry skin
- sweet/fruity breath
- unconsciousness
aka hypoglycemia
insulin shock
cause: hypoglycemia
- food not eaten regularly
- vomit after insulin
- excessive exercise
- too much insulin
s/s: hypoglycemia
- muscle weakness
- anxiety
- mental confusion
- pounding heartbeat
- hunger
- diaphoresis
- skin cold, pale, and moist
- unconsciousness
- seizures
tx: hypoglycemia
sugar
s/s: syncope
- pale
- perspiring, cold, clammy skin
- passing out
tx: syncope
- head between knees
- spirits of ammonia
s/s: heart attack
- pain down one/both arms
- tightness of chest
- pain radiating into left shoulder & jaw
- sweating profusely
- cyanotic lips & fingernails
- nausea/vomiting/flulike symptoms
- anxious & agitated
- SOB
- burning sensation in chest
- unexplained fatigue/weakness
- pain in jaw/neck/shoulder/back/ear
- overwhelming sense of doom
out of all the s/s for a heart attack, which one are more apparent in women
- nausea/vomiting/flulike symptoms
- SOB
- burning sensation in chest
- unexplained fatigue/weakness
- pain in jaw/neck/shoulder/back/ear
- overwhelming sense of doom
what is the temperature requirement for hypothermia
less than 35C/95F
s/s: hypothermia
- shivering
- slurred speech/mumbling
- confusion
- weak pulse
- shallow breathing
s/s: frostbite
- tingling/numbness/pain
- redness of skin
- burning and itching
- no sensation
- skin white/grayish yellow & waxy
- blistering and hardening of skin
tx: frostbite
- put body part in water 40C/104F-41.7C/107F
- wrap area loosely w/sterile dressing
- never rub
- drink hot drinks
- never smoke
- no pressure on feet w/frostbite
s/s: internal bleeding
- rapid weak pulse
- shallow breathing
- cold, clammy skin
- dilated pupils
- dizziness/faintness
- thirst
- restlessness
- feeling of anxiety
- coughing/vomiting bright red blood
- coal-black stools/bright red rectal bleeding
- severe abdominal pain
cause: epistaxis
dry air, hypertension, injury, blowing too hard
tx: epistaxis
- tilt head forward & pinch nostrils for at least 6 min
- cold compress on nose/back of neck
- gauze between lips and gums w/pressure
- humid air
what information is needed when treating a poisoning
- pt name, age, sex, and weight
- what was taken
- how much
- time taken
s/s: poisoning
- nausea
- stomach cramps
- shallow breathing
- drowsiness
- skin color change
- unconsciousness
- confusion
- hallucination
- convulsion
cause: seizure
- high body temp
- head injuries
- brain disease/disorder
s/s: shock
- rapid, thready, weak pulse
- shallow rapid respirations
- dilated pupils
- ashen color
- cool clammy skin
cause: shock
- low blood volume & cardiac output
- low BP
- extensive burns
- electrical shock
- hemorrhage
- near drowning
- severe infection
- anaphylaxis
s/s: stroke
- mental confusion
- numbness
- unequal pupils
- slurred speech
- nausea/vomiting
- difficulty breathing
- loss of bowel & urine control
what should be performed on a choking pregnant/obese person instead of abdominal thrusts
chest thrusts
how should the infant’s head be positioned when relieving them from choking
head lower than trunk