Chp. 5 z-Scores: Location of Scores and Standardized Distributions

Question 1

Raw Score

Answer 1

Original, unchanged scores that are the result of measurement

Question 2

Deviation Score

Answer 2

x - µ

The Numerator of the from the z-score formula Z = (x - µ) ÷ σ. It measures the distance in points between X and µ and the sign of the deviation indicates whether X is located above or below the mean.

Question 3

Standardized Distribution

Answer 3

A standard distribution is composed of scores that have been transformed to create predetermined values for μ and σ. Standardized distributions are used to make dissimilar distributions comparable.

Question 4

z-Score

Answer 4

Z = (x - µ) ÷ σ

A z-score specifies the precise location of each X value within a distribution. The sign of the z-score (+ or -) signifies whether the score is above the mean (positive) or below the mean (negative). The numerical value of the z-score specifies the distance from the mean by counting the number of standard deviations between X and μ

Question 5

z-Score Transformation

Answer 5

The process that changes a distribution of X values into a new distribution of z-scores. One can think of the z-score transformation as simply relabeling the values along the X-axis. The distribution is the same.

Question 6

Standardized Score

Answer 6

Scores resulting form a standardized distribution.