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Antigen Recognition By T Lymphocytes > Chp 5 > Flashcards

Chp 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Five ways TCR are similar to BCR

A

TCR has similar structure to FAB on BCR

Both generated through somatic recomb

TCR - a:b chains BCR- heavy light
chains

Junctional diversity

Both require CD3

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2
Q

Difference b/w TCR an BCR

A

TCR has 1 antigen binding site
BCR has 2

TCR never se created

TCR generated in Thymus BCR-BM

TCR no effector function - only surface receptor

BCR - isotype- effector function

TcR no hypermutation

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3
Q

TCR

A

A resembles The light chains

Both contain VJ segments

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4
Q

TCR alpha is located on what chromosome

A

On chrom 14

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5
Q

TCR B

A

Resembles heavy chain on imm

On chrom 7

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6
Q

TCR

A

Not undergo isotype switching because they are not made is secreted for and their C region don’t contribute to effector function

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7
Q

CD3 and Zeta chain roles

A

On surface of the cell is to transducer signals to the interior of the TC

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8
Q

Conseque of SCID caused by defect in

A

Defect of RAG 1 or 2

lacking somatic recombination in TCR

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9
Q

Which of the following removes CLIP

A

HLA-DM

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10
Q

Describe MHC I

A 
Heterodimer
One a chain
B2 -micro globulin 
A chain=1,2,3
Cytoplasmic tail
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11
Q

B2 microgloubulin

A

On mHC I

Single domain protein non cov, associated with the alpha chain

Provides support and stability

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12
Q

MHC I : humans

A

HLA- a,b,c

Polymorphic

Gut uptake of imm
Regulation of FR
Reg of NK

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13
Q

What chain in MHC I has greater diversity?

A

A- has greater diversity

B- MHC II

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14
Q

MHC II is made up of …

A 
Made of a:b chain
Heterodimers
B chain contains b1,2
Transmembrane 
Cytoplasmic tail
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15
Q

MHC II humans

A

3 polymorphic class molecules

HLA- DP, DQ, DR

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16
Q

MHC II

A

B2 binds to the TC co receptor Cd4

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17
Q

Antigen processing

A

The intercellular breakdown of pathogen derive proteins into peptide frag that bind to mHC

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18
Q

Antigen presentation

A

The assembly of peptides with MHC displayed on surface of APC

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19
Q

TC activation must be bound on what?

A

TCR can bind only to peptide

Antigen must be bound on surface of APC

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20
Q

Endogenous Antigen processing pathway

A
  1. Proteins in the cytoskeleton are broken into small fragments in the protea some
  2. Transported in ER using TAP
  3. Peptides that bind to MHC I delivered to Er
  4. A chain bound to chaperone calnexin until B2 m binds
  5. Then are bound by the chaperones calrecticulin and tapasin until peptide binds
  6. Tapasin binds to tap-1 positioning the MHC near the peptide source
  7. peptide delivered by TAP binds to heavy chain forming the mature MHC I molecule
  8. MHC dissociates from the peptide loading complex and export progress to the Golgi then to be transported to cell surface
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21
Q

What happens if RAG is lacked?

A

Adaptive immunity would be compromised

SCID
Non functional TC & BC

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22
Q

Def in CD3?

A

TC have low number of of receptors that do not signal effectively

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23
Q

CD 3 def

A

Immunodeficiency
Absent of TC
Non func BC
Early death die to ScId

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24
Q

G:d is ass with what?

A

The gut mucosa
Do not require antigen processing and mhC molecules
Does not have cD8 or CD4

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25
Q

TCR is what?

A

Surface receptor - no effector fun

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26
Q

TCR only recognizes antigens in what form?

A

Of peptides bound to MHC

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27
Q

Cd8 binds to what?

A

Alpha 3

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28
Q

Cd4 binds to what?

A

Beta 2

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29
Q

MHC I

A

Greater restriction
8-10 AA (short)
Hydrophobic/basic at c-term

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30
Q

MHC II

A

More leanent
Not as restrictive
Long 13-25 AA

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31
Q

Calnexin is…

A

Lectin chaperone
Holds MHC I heavy chain
Until B2m loaded

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32
Q

Calrecticulin

A

Lectin chaperone, quality control

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33
Q

ERp57

A

Promotes folding of heavy chain

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34
Q

Tapasin

A

Transmembrane protein that tethers empty class I molecules to TAP

35
Q

PDI

A

Protein disulfide isomerase

Catalysts disulfide bond formation

36
Q

ERAP

A

Removed aa of peptide that is too long

Improves binding affinity

37
Q

What happens if def in TAP?

A

Tap is the channel in the ER so if def then no peptides enter the ER

So very poor cd8 response

Chronic respiratory

38
Q

MHC I

A

Intracellular envir

39
Q

MHC II

A

extra cell pathogens

40
Q

MhC II is ass with what chain?

A

Invariant chain

41
Q

What does the invariant chain become?

A

Clip

42
Q

What is the function of invariant chain?

A

Prevent MHC II from binding peptides in ER

Delivers MHC II to vesicles
Leaves clip
HLA-DM

43
Q

What forms the central part of binding site?

A

CDR3- most variable

44
Q

What cells are MHC I expressed on?

A

All cells

45
Q

Cross presentation

A

Antigens of extra cellular origin can be presented by MHC I

46
Q

What char is common to both TCR and Ig?

A

Somatic recom of VDJ segments is responsible for the diversity of antigen binding sites

47
Q

TCR a resembles…

A

Light locus on Ig

48
Q

TCR b chain resembles …

A

Ig heavy locus

49
Q

MHC complex closely linked genes on what chrom…?

A

Chrom 6

50
Q

Polgeny

A

Result of expression

51
Q

Polymorphism

A

Existence within pop of many alt forms of MHC I & II

Allotypes

52
Q

Polgeny

A

Isotypes

53
Q

HLA genes of MHC I

A 
HLA
A
B
C
E
F
G
54
Q

HLA-E

A

Ligand for Nk

55
Q

HLA- F

A

Unknown func

56
Q

HLA-G

A

Ligand for NK

57
Q

Ligand for NK

A

HLA

E & G

58
Q

HLA genes for MHC II?

A 
HLA
DM
DQ
DP
DR
59
Q

What MHC has the greatest diversity ?

A

MHC 1

60
Q

What is the function of g:d?

A

First line of defense against invading pathogens

61
Q

TCR diversity is generated by…?

A

Gene rearrangement

62
Q

What are there more forms of HLA polymorphism ? MHC I or II?

A

Many more forms of MHC I

63
Q

Haplotype is what?

A

MHC genes are inherited as a group one from each parent

6M/ 6D

64
Q

A heterozygous human inherits what ?

A

One maternal one paternal

Ea contain :

3 class I (abc)
3 class II (DP,DQ,DR)
65
Q

A normal tissue type will involved how many HLA antigens ?

A

12

66
Q

A cross over results in what?

A

New haplotypes

67
Q

Why so many MHC alleles?

A

MHC most polymorphic genes known

Different pathogens generate different antigenic fragments

68
Q

Other proteins involved in antigen processing and presentation ?

A

Tapasin

Immunoprotrasome LMP2, LMP7

69
Q

HLA class I don’t involve….?

A

Antigen processing and presentation

70
Q

HLA I functions?

A

Gut uptake
Reg of Fe
Ref of NK

71
Q

MHC I is more evolutionary

A

More older

72
Q

HLA region III has what ?

A

Components of complement sys

Cytokines (TNF)

73
Q

What MHC II polymorphism not vary?

A

HLA-DR

74
Q

Is B2 microgloubulin polymorphic?

A

No

75
Q

TCR has what…?

A

Restriction responds to peptide presented by one MHC

76
Q

HLA diseases

A 
Rheum arthritisis
Type I diabetes
Celiac
Graves
MS
Breast cancer
77
Q

Wht are the types of MHC haplotypes?

A

Balancing selection

Directional selection

78
Q

How are MHC alleles generated by?

A

Interallelic intercom version or gene conversion

79
Q

Why is a transplant rejected?

A

The alloreactivity of TC

The MHC they were not selected for in the thymus and why the TC sees it as a foreign MHC

80
Q

TC respond strongly to what..

A

Allografts

81
Q

Cd4 are alloreactivity to what ?

A

Class II alloantigens

82
Q

Cd8 alloreactivity to

A

class I alloantigens

83
Q

Is MHC highly polymorphic?

A

Yes seen by alloreactivity TC

Antigen Recognition By T Lymphocytes (4 decks)

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