chp 4: stress and defense mechanisms Flashcards
Sublimation
***deal w/ negative feelings & replace w/ acceptable actions
dealing with unacceptable feelings or impulses by unconsciously substituting acceptable forms of expression
working out vigorously after a hard day at work
Altruism
***reaching out
dealing with anxiety by reaching out to others
a nurse who lost a family member in a fire is a volunteer firefighter
suppression
***Voluntary forget
voluntarily denying unpleasant thoughts and feelings
a person who has lost his job states he will worry about paying his bills next week
repression
*** unconsciously forget
putting unacceptable ideas, thoughts and emotions out of conscious awareness
a person w/ fear of dentist “forgets” his appointments
displacement
shifting feelings r/t an object, person, or stituation to another less threatening object or person or situation
reaction formation
***doing opposite of what is felt
overcompensating or demonstrating the opposite behavior of what is felt
a person who dislikes his sisters daughter offers to babysit her so that the sister can go out
undoing
performing an act to make up for prior behavior
projection
***blame others
blaming others for unacceptable thoughts and feelings
splitting
demonstrating an inability to reconcile negative and postive attributes of self or others
dissociation
***temporary suppression
temporarily blocking memories and perceptions from consciousness
an adolescent witnesses a shooting and is unable to recall any details of the event
mild anxiety
occurs in normal experiences
identifiable cause of anxiety
increases one’s ability to perceive reality
mild anxiety symptoms
vague feeling of discomfort restlessness irritability impatience apprehension Finger or foot tapping fidgeting
Moderate anxiety
occurs when mild anxiety escalates
slightly reduced perception and processing of info
selective inattention may occur
ability to think clearly hampered
mild anxiety symptoms
concentration difficulties tiredness voice tremors shakiness increased HR and RR
Severe anxiety
perception field is greatly reduced with distorted perceptions
learning and problem-solving dont occur
functioning is ineffective
severe anxiety symptoms
hyperventilation feeling of doom tachycardia loud and rapid speech *not able to take direction from others
panic level anxiety
markedly disturbed behavior not able to process what is occurring in environment lose touch of reality severe hyperactivity or flight immobility extreme fright or horror
nursing interventions
mild to moderate levels
active listening
calm presence
encourage participation in activities
nursing interventions
severe to panic levels of anxiety
provide environment that meets physical and safety needs of client
remain with client
use meds and restraint
encourage walking
use short and simple statements
direct the client to acknowledge reality and focus on what is present in environment
a nurse is caring for a client who smokes and has lung cancer. the client reports, “im coughing cuhs i have that cold that everyone has been getting” which of the following defense mechanisms is the client using?
Denial
A nurse is obtaining informed consent for a client who has just learned she must have a breast biopsy. The client is perspiring and pale, has a RR of 30/min, and says, “i dont quite understand what youre trying to tell me” the nurse should assess the client’s anxiety as…
moderate
a nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing moderate anxiety. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention when trying to give necessary info to the client
demonstrate a calm manner while using simple and clear language
