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Aural Rehab > Chp 4 > Flashcards

Chp 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Hearing assistive technology system (HATS)``

A
  • Listening, alerting, and/or signaling devices that facilitate a patients communication w/the environment or enhance their personal safety through the use of auditory, visual or tactile modalities
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2
Q

signal processing

A

involves manipulation of various parameters of a signal

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3
Q

algorithm

A

mathematical formula that provides step-by step rules to perform a specific function or task such as processing and amplifying an acoustic signal

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4
Q

microphone

A

picks up the acoustic signal from the ambient environment

- transducer that converts an audio signal into an electronic signal

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5
Q

amplifier

A

increases the intensity of sound

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6
Q

receiver

A

an instrument that converts electrical energy into acoustic energy as in a hearing aid
- term also refers to the component of an FM system worm by the listener to receive signal from the FM transmitter

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7
Q

battery

A
  • Provide power for its operation
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8
Q

2 types of microphones

A

directional & omnidirectional

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9
Q

directional microphones

A

more sensitive to sound originating from in front of the user than to sound coming from behind the ear

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10
Q

omnidirectional microphones

A

sensitive to sound coming from all directions

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11
Q

automatic directional microphones (ADMs)

A

automatically switch b/t an omnidirectional and directional mode according to environmental conditions

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12
Q

gain

A

of an hearing aid is the difference in decibles w/t the input level of an acoustic signal and the output level

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13
Q

preamplifier stage

A

signals from the microphone is amplifies

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14
Q

signal processing stage

A

signal is manipulated to enhance or extract component information

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15
Q

Digital noise reduction (DNR)

A

processing designed to reduce gain in the low frequencies or specific frequency bands when noise is detected

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16
Q

output stage

A

process signal is boosted

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17
Q

maximum power output

A

maximum intensity level that a hearing aid can produce, sometimes called saturation sound pressure level

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18
Q

peak clipping

A

method of limiting aid output in which a constant or linear amount of gain is provided across a range of input levels until it reaches a saturation level at which time the amplifier begins to clip off the peaks of the signal

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19
Q

saturation level

A

the point at which an amplifier no longer provides an increase in output compares to input

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20
Q

compression

A

nonlinear form of amplifier gaon used to determine and limit output gain as a function of input gain

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21
Q

kneepoint

A

the point on an input-output function where compression is activated

22
Q

compression ratio

A

decibel ratio of acoustic input to amplifier output

23
Q

attack time

A

the time b/t when a signal begins to the onset of its steady sate amplified value

24
Q

release time

A

the time it takes for an amplifier to return to its steady -state after a loud sound ends

25
Q

Multiband compression

A

method of shaping the loudness growth of a signal to maximize speech for the listener using different degrees of compression and output limiting got different frequencies

26
Q

on-off control

A

small switch that moves back and forth to turn the hearing aid off when not in use and on when needed ; may be incorporated into the volume wheel

27
Q

Direct audio input

A

hardwire connection that leads directly from the sound source to the hearing aid or other listening devices

28
Q

audioboot

A

called a shoe; a device that is used with a behind ear hearing aid for coupling to a direct audio input cord

29
Q

telecoli

A

an induction coil that receives electromagnetic signals from a telephone or loop amplification system

30
Q

MTO

A

acronym that refers to 3 setting of a hearing aid on off switch
M microphone
T telephone
O off

31
Q

Acoustic feedback

A

occurs when the output from a hearing aid receiver re-enters the microphone sending the system into oscillation and creating a “squeal”

32
Q

volume control

A

hearing aid is used to adjust its output ; may be manual or automatic

33
Q

remote control

A

handheald device that permits adjustments in the volume or changes in the program of a programmable hearing aid

34
Q

multiple memories

A

allow speech signal to be processed in more than one way

35
Q

multiple memory hearing

A

allows the user to select the processing strategy according to the listening environment

36
Q

Acoustic feedback cancellation

A

feature that avoids the annoying squeal produced by hearing aids when the microphone picks up the amplifed sound from the hearing aid and reamplifies it

37
Q

multiple channels

A

filters that signal into frequency bands so that some bands can receive more gain than others

38
Q

high frequency directionality

A

entails the hearing aid microphone reproducing the effects of the pinna by amplifying high frequencies in a similar to an ear that is not occluded w/a hearing aid earmold and thereby enhancing posterior/anterior and up /down location

39
Q

binaural gain control

A

aims to provide interaural difference cues typically resulting from the head shadow effect, that are like those experienced in the unaided ears by means of wireless communication b/t the 2 hearing aids

40
Q

body hearing aid

A

includes a box worn on the torso and a cord connecting it to an ear level receiver

41
Q

bone conductor

A

a vibrator or oscillator used to transmit sound to the bones of the skull by means of vibration

42
Q

bone conductor hearing aid

A

delivers the amplified signal via a bone vibrator places over the mastoid directly to the cochlea bypassing the middle ear

43
Q

behind-the ear- hearing aid (BTE)

A

worn over the pinna and coupled to the ears by means of earmold

44
Q

earhook

A

connects the case of a BTE to the earmold tubing and hooks atop the ear

45
Q

ear mold

A

coupler customized to fit into the auricle that channels sound from the earhook of a hearing aid into the auditory canal

46
Q

contralateral routing of signals

A

fitting is designed for unilateral hearing loss and entails placing the microphone on the poor ear side and the amplifier and reciever on the good ear side so that sound can be routed to the good ear

47
Q

bilateral contralateral routing of signals (BICROS)

A

fitting is designed for asymmetrical HL and entails a microphone at each ear with both microphones leading to a single amplifier and receiver in the better ear

48
Q

in-the-ear (ITE)

A

hearing aid fits into the concha of the ear

49
Q

in -the- canal (ITC)

A

hearing aid fits in the external ear canal only partially filling the concha

50
Q

occlusion effect

A

enhancement of low frequency sounds that occurs via bone conduction

Aural Rehab (1 decks)

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