CHP 2 SEPARATION IN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY

Question 1

WHAT ARE THE THREE MAIN COMPONENTS IN A 3-PHASE SEPARATOR? (MOLIMI)

Answer 1

1. MOMENTUM ABSORBER (SLUG CATCHER)
2. LIQUID RETENTION (VORTEX BREAKER)
3. MIST EXTRACTOR (DEMISTER)

Question 2

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF MOMENTUM ABSORBER ?

Answer 2

REDUCE THE EFFECT OF GAS BUBBLES

Question 3

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF LIQUID RETENTION?

Answer 3

REDUCE DISTURBANCE ON THE LIQUID TABLE INSIDE

Question 4

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF MIST EXTRACTOR ?

Answer 4

ACTS AS FILTERS THAT REMOVE LIQUID DROPLETS IN THE GAS

Question 5

WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF A THREE-PHASE SEPARATOR?

Answer 5

• USES GRAVITY TO SEPARATE WELL FLUID INTO GAS, OIL AND WATER PHASES
• INSTALLED NEAR THE WELLHEAD

Question 6

WHAT ARE THE COMPONENTS OF A WELL FLUID ?

Answer 6

• WATER, NATURAL GAS AND SEDIMENT

Question 7

WHAT IS THE MECHANISM BEHIND A HORIZONTAL 3 PHASE SEPARATOR?

Answer 7

• FLUID ENTERS THE VESSEL THROUGH AN INLET AND HITS AN INLET DIVIDER
• THIS IMPACT PROMPTS THE GAS-OIL SEPARATION PROCESS
• THEN, THE OIL AND EMULSION SEPARATES FORMING A LAYER ABOVE THE FREE WATER
• A WEIR MAINTAINES THE OIL LEVEL, WHILE A LIQUID LEVEL CONTROLLER MAINTAINS THE WATER LEVEL
• IF THE OIL SPILLS OVER THE WEIR, THE OIL DUMP VALVE CONTROL ITS LEVEL BY RELEASING WATER
• GAS RISES TO THE TOP OF THE SEPARATOR AND EXITS THROUGH A MIST EXTRACTOR

Question 8

WHAT IS THE MECHANISM BEHIND A VERTICAL 3 PHASE SEPARATOR?

Answer 8

• FLUID ENTERS THROUGH A SIDE INLET AND MEETS AN INLET DIVIDER WHICH PROMPTS THE SEPARATION PROCESS
• LIQUID TRAVELS THROUGH THE DOWNCOMER
• A CHIMNEY EQUALIZES THE PRESSURE
• AS OIL RISES FROM THE SPREADER, FREE WATER SEPARATES OUT FROM THE OIL PHASE
• WATER DROPLETS FLOW DOWN THROUGH THE OIL
• OIL DROPLETS RISE UP THROUGH THE WATER FLOW

Question 9

WHICH CYCLONE IS USED FOR GAS- SOLID SEPARATORS? WHAT FORCE DOES IT APPLY?

Answer 9

• CYCLONES APPLY CENTRIFUGAL FORCE

Question 10

HYDRO-CYLONES ARE USED IN WHAT SEPARATION PROCESS? WHAT IS IT SUITABLE FOR?

Answer 10

• OIL-WATER SEPARATION
• WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT.

Question 11

EXPLAIN FUNCTION OF DEGASSING VESSEL.

Answer 11

• REMOVE GAS FROM WATER, AS GAS BUBBLES MAY CARRY REMAINING OIL FROM WATER

Question 12

EXPLAIN THE ADVANTAGES OF CYCLONE

Answer 12

1. SIMPLE TO CONTRUCT
2. CAN ADAPT TO HIGH TEMP AND PRESSURE
3. CAN SEPARATE SMALLER PARTICLES

Question 13

WHY DO WE NEED TO CLEAN THE GAS ?

Answer 13

• TO PREVENT CONTAMINATION OF CATALYSTS
• AVOID DAMAGE TO EQUIPMENT
• TO REMOVE TOXIC

Question 14

EXPLAIN THE WATER TREATMENT PROCESS.

Answer 14

• THE FLUID GOES THROUGH TEST SEPARATORS FOR ANALYSIS AND FLOW MEASUREMENT.
• THEN, IT GOES THROUGH PRODUCTION SEPARATORS OF THREE STAGES TO SEPARATE OIL, WATER AND GAS FROM THE MIXTURE, ACHIEVING REQUIRED WATER QUALITY.
• COALESCER FOR FINAL REMOVAL OF WATER.
• DESALTER TO REMMOVE UNACCEPTABLE AMOUNT OF SALTS.

Question 15

EXPLAIN THE GAS TREATMENT PROCESS.

Answer 15

1. GAS IS COOLED IN THE HEAT EXCHANGER TO BE CONDENSED INTO LIQUID.
2. PASSES THROUGH THE SCRUBBER AND REBOILER TO REMOVE CONDENSED LIQUID AND FINALLY COMPRESSOR.
3. IT IS COMPRESSED TO MEET DOWNSTREAM PROCESS REQUIREMENTS.

Question 16

WHAT IS THE CHEMICAL USED IN SCRUBBER TO REMOVE CONDENSED LIQUID?

Answer 16

Triethylene glycol