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JFRD Engineer > Chp. 2 Bldg Classifications & Structural Fire Resistance > Flashcards

Chp. 2 Bldg Classifications & Structural Fire Resistance Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five basic building classifications used to classify structures by the materials used in their construction ?

A
  • Type I : Fire Resistive
  • Type II : Noncombustible or Protected Noncombustible
  • Type III : Exterior Protected (masonry)
  • Type IV : Heavy Timber
  • Type V : Wood Frame
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2
Q

Building classifications can help firefighters determine the likelihood of ______________ under fire conditions. They also indicate the degree of ______________ provided by the buildings construction.

A
  • structural collapse

- occupant safety

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3
Q

The building classifications used in the building codes are based on the ______________ and the ________________ required for the structural components.

A
  • materials used in construction

- fire resistance ratings

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4
Q

With the exception of ____________ the major classifications are further divided into two or three subclassifications. The highest requirements for fire resistance are for ____________ construction, with lower requirements for the other types of construction.

A
  • Type IV, heavy timber

- Type I

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5
Q

In NFPA 220, each classification is designated by a three-digit number code. What does each digit represent?

A
  • 1st digit : fire resistance rating (in hours) of exterior bearing walls.
  • 2nd digit : fire resistance rating of structural frames or columns and girders that support loads of more than one floor.
  • 3rd digit : fire resistance rating of the floor construction.
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6
Q

Type I construction is classified by the presence of ____________________ that have fire resistance ratings within a specified range.

A

noncombustible structural components

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7
Q

The addition of ____________ increases structural integrity during a fire.

A

fire resistance

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8
Q

Bearing walls, columns, and beams provide how many hours of fire resistance?

A

Two to four hours, as specified by the local code and the construction classification.

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9
Q

Floor construction provides how many hours of fire resistance?

A

Two OR three hours

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10
Q

Roof deck and construction supporting the roof provide how many hours of fire resistance?

A

One to two hours

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11
Q

Interior partitions enclosing stairwells and corridors provide how many hours of fire resistance?

A

As specified by the local code ; usually one OR two hours

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12
Q

Partitions separating occupancies or tenants provide how many hours of fire resistance?

A

As specified by the local code

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13
Q

Type I buildings are most commonly constructed using a _______________ or ________________.

A
  • protected steel frame

- reinforced concrete

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14
Q

Concrete is an inherently ______________ material with good thermal insulating properties.

A

noncombustible

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15
Q

Building codes usually permit a limited use of combustible materials in Type I construction. A code may also allow the use of _________________ treated wood in roofs or interior partitions.

A

fire retardant

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16
Q

Some building codes contain a provision to omit the fire-resistive rating for a roof construction for some occupancy types when the roof is located more than how many feet above the floor?

A

20 feet

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17
Q

Type II A ______________, requires that structural components have __________ fire resistance.

A
  • protected

- one hour

18
Q

In unprotected noncombustible construction, the major structural components have _______________.

A

no fire resistance

19
Q

The speed at which unprotected members will fail, depends on what factors?

A
  • Ceiling height of the building
  • Size of the unprotected steel members
  • Intensity and duration of the exposing fire
20
Q

In Type III construction, interior structural components that are permitted to be partially or wholly combustible are:

A
  • walls
  • columns
  • beams
  • floors
  • roofs
21
Q

Type III construction commonly uses what size joists for floor construction?

A

nominal 2 inch x 10 inch

22
Q

A fundamental fire concern with Type III construction is the ________________ that are created between floor and ceiling joists and between studs in partition walls when they are covered with interior finish materials.

A

combustible concealed spaces

23
Q

Two important distinctions between Type III and Type IV construction are :

A
  • In Type IV construction the beams, columns, floors, and roofs are made of solid or laminated wood with dimensions greater than in Type III construction.
  • Concealed spaces are not permitted between structural components in Type IV construction.
24
Q

Type IV construction requires minimum nominal dimensions of ___________ for floor construction, which is thicker than needed in Types III and V construction.

A

6 inch x 10 inch

25
Q

Many Type V structures are required to have a ____________ for structural components.

A

1 hour fire resistance

26
Q

The fundamental problem with Type V construction is the presence of _______________.

A

entensive concealed voids

27
Q

Classifying buildings according to ____________ facilitates the administration of a code.

A

occupancy

28
Q

What are the ten major occupancy classifications of the International Building Code (IBC), and how many subgroups are within those classifications?

A
  • Assembly Group A
  • Business Group B
  • Educational Group E
  • Factories Group F
  • High Hazard Group H
  • Institutional Group I
  • Mercantile Group M
  • Residential Group R
  • Storage Group S
  • Utility and Miscellaneous Group U
  • a total of 26 subgroups
29
Q

NFPA 5000 Building Construction and Safety Code, and NFPA 101 Life Safety Code identify what 12 major classifications?

A
  • Assembly
  • Educational
  • Day Care
  • Health Care
  • Ambulatory Health Care
  • Detention and Correctional
  • Residential
  • Residential Board and Care
  • Mercantile
  • Business
  • Industrial
  • Storage
30
Q

Required occupancy separations can range anywhere from _____________ dependent on the local building code.

A

one to four hours

31
Q

The total quantity of combustible material in a compartment that is a critical factor when determining the fire safety requirements of a space.

A

Fuel load

32
Q

The maximum amount of heat that can be released if all fuel is consumed.

A

Fire load

33
Q

The fire load will vary depending on the _____________ of the fuel load.

A

heat of combustion

34
Q

IBC defines a noncombustible material as being …

A

“in the form in which used and under the conditions anticipated, will not ignite, burn, support combustion or release flammable vapors, when subjected to fire or heat.”

35
Q

Fire resistance describes several properties of a material , including…

A
  • Combustibility
  • Thermal conductivity
  • Chemical composition
  • Density
  • Dimensions
36
Q

The fire resistance ratings incorporated into the building codes include minimum requirements for structural components such as :

A
  • Beams
  • Columns
  • Walls and partitions
  • Floor and ceiling assemblies
  • Roof and ceiling assemblies
37
Q

The most commonly used test for determining combustibility is…

A

ASTME 136, Standard Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750 degrees C.

38
Q

The only standardized test method currently universally accepted by building codes that evaluates the ability of structural assemblies to carry a structural load and to act as afire barrier.

A

E-119

39
Q

What methods are used to determine and calculate fire resistance of building materials?

A
  • Laboratory testing
  • Mathematical models
  • Statistical data
40
Q

The structural fire resistance of building components is determined most often thorough ______________.

A

laboratory testing

JFRD Engineer (5 decks)

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