Chp. 2 Flashcards
A gel like material in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Cytoplasm
Specialized structures
Organelles
The control center, it hold DNA and it’s only in eukaryotic cells
Nucleus
A sac-like structure, stores water, salt, protein, and carbohydrates
Vacuoles
Small filled wi enzymes, cleanup crew, breaks down lipids, carbohydrates , proteins and “dead” organelles
Lysosomes
Protein filaments that give eukaryotic cells their shape and structure and also help with movements
Cytoskeleton
Small parts of RNA and protein in the cytoplasm.
Ribosomes
Inside eukaryotic cells, it modifies, ships and “packaged” then shipped out to a final destination. And this modifies the ER.
Golgi apparatus
A structure that converts chemical energy into food and compounds that the cell can use.
Mitochondria
Only in plant cells, they work like power plants, capture light energy and convert it into food that contains chemical energy
Chloroplast
An internal membrane system where lipid components are assembled along with other protiens
Endoplasmic reticulum
Has proteins on it
Rough ER
Doesn’t have proteins on it
Smooth ER
A porous so certain substances can pass through, provides strength, not in animal cells
Cell wall
Lipid Bilayer; double-layered sheet flexible structure that forms a barrier the cell and it’s surroundings.
Cell membrane
Above strength
Hypertonic
Below strength
Hypotonic
Same strength
Isotonic
Fast and doesn’t require additional use of cell energy
Facilitated diffusion
Driving force behind movement.
Diffusion
When only certain substances can pass through a cell wall.
Selectively permeable
Gives cell membranes a flexible structure
Lipid Bilayer
The supporting layer of the membrane
Cell wall
Help organize cell division
Centrioles
Cells that don’t enclose DNA because they don’t have any
Prokaryotes
Cells that do enclose DNA
Eukaryotes
Fundamental concept of biology
Cell theory
Basic unit f life.
Cell
The diffusion of water
Osmosis
