Chp 15 The Spleen

Question 1

Ligament between the spleen and the splenic flexure of the colon

Answer 1

Phrenocolic ligament

Question 2

Within the peritoneal cavity

Answer 2

Intraperitoneal

Question 3

Complete absence of the spleen

Answer 3

Splenic agenesis

Question 4

Condition where there is more than one spleen

Answer 4

Polysplenia

Question 5

Results from the failure of fusion or separate splenic masses forming on the dorsal mesogastrium; most commonly found in the splenic hilum or along the splenic vessels or associated ligaments

Answer 5

Accessory spleen

Question 6

Leaves the splenic hilum, travels transversely through the upper abdomen to join with the superior mesenteric vein to form the main portal vein; serves as the posterior medial border of the pancreas

Answer 6

Splenic vein

Question 7

Located in the middle of the spleen; site where vessels and lymph nodes enter and exit the spleen

Answer 7

Splenic hilum

Question 8

Spleen that has migrated from its normal location in the left upper quadrant

Answer 8

Wandering spleen

Question 9

One of the ligaments between the stomach and spleen that helps to hold the spleen in place

Answer 9

Gastrosplenic ligament

Question 10

Alkaline fluid found in the lymphatic vessels

Answer 10

Lymph

Question 11

Ligament between the spleen and kidney that helps support the greater curvature of the stomach

Answer 11

Lienorenal ligament

Question 12

Certain phagocytic cells (found in the liver and spleen) make up the reticuloendothelial system (RES); plays a role in the synthesis of blood proteins and hematopoiesis

Answer 12

Reticuloendothelial

Question 13

Left upper quadrant of the abdomen that contains the left lobe of the liver, spleen, and stomach

Answer 13

Left hypochondrium

Question 14

Branch of the celiac axis; tortuous course toward the spleen; serves as the superior border of the pancreas

Answer 14

Splenic artery

Question 15

Follicles in the white pulp of the spleen, containing many lymphocytes

Answer 15

Malpighian corpuscles

Question 16

Pigment released from hemoglobin process

Answer 16

Hemosiderin

Question 17

Blood cell production

Answer 17

Hematopoiesis

Question 18

Defend the body by destroying invading microorganisms and their toxins

Answer 18

White blood cells

Question 19

Consists of reticular cells and fibers (cords of Billroth); surrounds the splenic sinuses

Answer 19

Red pulp

Question 20

Red blood cell

Answer 20

Erythrocyte

Question 21

Abnormal decrease of white blood corpuscles; may be drug induced

Answer 21

Leukopenia

Question 22

Consists of lymphatic tissue and lymphatic follicles

Answer 22

White pulp

Question 23

Process by which the spleen removes nuclei from blood cells without destroying the erythrocytes

Answer 23

Pitting

Question 24

Process by which the spleen removes abnormal red blood cells as they pass through

Answer 24

Culling

Question 25

Oxygen-binding protein found in red blood cells

Answer 25

Hemoglobin

Question 26

Long irregular channels lined by endothelial cells or flattened reticular cells

Answer 26

Splenic sinuses

Question 27

Process by which the red pulp destroys the degenerating red blood cells

Answer 27

Phagocytosis

Question 28

Interruption in the blood supply to an area that may lead to necrosis of the area

Answer 28

Infarction

Question 29

Chronic, life-shortening conditions of unknown cause involving bone marrow elements; characterized by an increase in red blood cell mass and hemoglobin concentration

Answer 29

Polycythemia vera

Question 30

Acute infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus that most commonly affects teenagers and young adults; symptoms include fever, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes, abnormal lymphocysts, and hepatosplenomegaly

Answer 30

Mononucleosis

Question 31

Malignant disease of lymphoid tissue seen in increased frequency in individuals more than 50 years of age

Answer 31

non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 32

Group of hereditary anemias occuring in Asian and Mediterranean populations

Answer 32

Thalassemia

Question 33

Hereditary condition in which erythrocytes assume a spheroid shape

Answer 33

Spherocytosis

Question 34

One of the storage diseases in which fat and proteins are deposited abnormally in the body

Answer 34

Gaucher's disease

Question 35

Excess of red blood cells

Answer 35

Polycythemia

Question 36

Malignant disease that involves lymphoid tissue

Answer 36

Hodgkin disease

Question 37

Condition in sickle cell anemia in which the sickled cells interfere with oxygen transport, obstruct capillary blood flow, and cause fever and severe pain in the joints and abdomen

Answer 37

Sickle cell crisis

Question 38

Metabolic disorder marked by amyloid deposits in organs and tissue

Answer 38

Amyloidosis

Question 39

Enlargement of the spleen

Answer 39

Splenomegaly

Question 40

Inherited disorder transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait that causes an abnormality of the globin genes in hemoglobin

Answer 40

Sickle cell anemia

Question 41

Anemia resulting from hemolysis of red blood cells

Answer 41

Hemolytic anemia

Question 42

Anemia caused by anitbodies produced by the patient's own immune system

Answer 42

Autoimmune Hemolytic anemia

Question 43

The spleen is part of the reticuloendothelial system and is the largest single mass of ________ tissue in the body.

Answer 43

lymphoid

Question 44

The spleen is an __________ organ, covered with peritoneum over its entire extent except for a small area at its hilum, where the vascular structures and lymph nodes are located.

Answer 44

intraperitoneal

Question 45

The spleen is normally measured with ultrasound on a longitudinal image from the _______ margin to the _______ margin at the long axis.

Answer 45

upper | inferior

Question 46

___________ may occur as part of asplenic or polysplenia syndromes in association with complex cardiac malformations, bronchopulmonary abnormalities, or visceral heterotaxis.

Answer 46

Splenic agenesis

Question 47

An ___________ is usually found near the hilum or inferior border of the spleen but has been reported elsewhere in the abdominal cavity.

Answer 47

Accessory spleen

Question 48

The ________ indicates the percentage of red blood cells per volume of blood.

Answer 48

hematocrit

Question 49

The term _______ indicates bacteria in the bloodstream.

Answer 49

sepsis

Question 50

The increase in the number of white blood cells present in the blood that is a typical finding of infection is called _________.

Answer 50

leukocytosis

Question 51

Sonographically the splenic parenchyma should have a fine homogeneous ____________ as is seen within the liver parenchyma.

Answer 51

low-level echo pattern

Question 52

Systemic venous congestion is found in cardiac decompensation involving the ______ side of the heart.

Answer 52

right

Question 53

In infants and children in crisis, the earlier stage of __________, the spleen is enlarged with marked congestion of the red pulp.

Answer 53

sickle cell anemia

Question 54

Patients with hepatosplenic _________ may show irregular masses within the spleen, the "wheels-within-wheels" pattern, with the outer wheel representing the ring of fibrosis surrounding the inner echogenic wheel of inflammatory cells and a central hypoechoic area.

Answer 54

candidiasis

Question 55

If the patient has severe left upper quadrant pain secondary to trauma, a splenic _________ or a __________ hematoma should be considered.

Answer 55

hematoma | subcapsular