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Chp 15 The Spleen > Chp 15 The Spleen > Flashcards

Chp 15 The Spleen Flashcards

1
Q

Ligament between the spleen and the splenic flexure of the colon

A

Phrenocolic ligament

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2
Q

Within the peritoneal cavity

A

Intraperitoneal

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3
Q

Complete absence of the spleen

A

Splenic agenesis

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4
Q

Condition where there is more than one spleen

A

Polysplenia

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5
Q

Results from the failure of fusion or separate splenic masses forming on the dorsal mesogastrium; most commonly found in the splenic hilum or along the splenic vessels or associated ligaments

A

Accessory spleen

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6
Q

Leaves the splenic hilum, travels transversely through the upper abdomen to join with the superior mesenteric vein to form the main portal vein; serves as the posterior medial border of the pancreas

A

Splenic vein

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7
Q

Located in the middle of the spleen; site where vessels and lymph nodes enter and exit the spleen

A

Splenic hilum

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8
Q

Spleen that has migrated from its normal location in the left upper quadrant

A

Wandering spleen

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9
Q

One of the ligaments between the stomach and spleen that helps to hold the spleen in place

A

Gastrosplenic ligament

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10
Q

Alkaline fluid found in the lymphatic vessels

A

Lymph

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11
Q

Ligament between the spleen and kidney that helps support the greater curvature of the stomach

A

Lienorenal ligament

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12
Q

Certain phagocytic cells (found in the liver and spleen) make up the reticuloendothelial system (RES); plays a role in the synthesis of blood proteins and hematopoiesis

A

Reticuloendothelial

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13
Q

Left upper quadrant of the abdomen that contains the left lobe of the liver, spleen, and stomach

A

Left hypochondrium

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14
Q

Branch of the celiac axis; tortuous course toward the spleen; serves as the superior border of the pancreas

A

Splenic artery

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15
Q

Follicles in the white pulp of the spleen, containing many lymphocytes

A

Malpighian corpuscles

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16
Q

Pigment released from hemoglobin process

A

Hemosiderin

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17
Q

Blood cell production

A

Hematopoiesis

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18
Q

Defend the body by destroying invading microorganisms and their toxins

A

White blood cells

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19
Q

Consists of reticular cells and fibers (cords of Billroth); surrounds the splenic sinuses

A

Red pulp

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20
Q

Red blood cell

A

Erythrocyte

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21
Q

Abnormal decrease of white blood corpuscles; may be drug induced

A

Leukopenia

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22
Q

Consists of lymphatic tissue and lymphatic follicles

A

White pulp

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23
Q

Process by which the spleen removes nuclei from blood cells without destroying the erythrocytes

A

Pitting

24
Q

Process by which the spleen removes abnormal red blood cells as they pass through

A

Culling

25
Q

Oxygen-binding protein found in red blood cells

A

Hemoglobin

26
Q

Long irregular channels lined by endothelial cells or flattened reticular cells

A

Splenic sinuses

27
Q

Process by which the red pulp destroys the degenerating red blood cells

A

Phagocytosis

28
Q

Interruption in the blood supply to an area that may lead to necrosis of the area

A

Infarction

29
Q

Chronic, life-shortening conditions of unknown cause involving bone marrow elements; characterized by an increase in red blood cell mass and hemoglobin concentration

A

Polycythemia vera

30
Q

Acute infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus that most commonly affects teenagers and young adults; symptoms include fever, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes, abnormal lymphocysts, and hepatosplenomegaly

A

Mononucleosis

31
Q

Malignant disease of lymphoid tissue seen in increased frequency in individuals more than 50 years of age

A

non-Hodgkin lymphoma

32
Q

Group of hereditary anemias occuring in Asian and Mediterranean populations

A

Thalassemia

33
Q

Hereditary condition in which erythrocytes assume a spheroid shape

A

Spherocytosis

34
Q

One of the storage diseases in which fat and proteins are deposited abnormally in the body

A

Gaucher’s disease

35
Q

Excess of red blood cells

A

Polycythemia

36
Q

Malignant disease that involves lymphoid tissue

A

Hodgkin disease

37
Q

Condition in sickle cell anemia in which the sickled cells interfere with oxygen transport, obstruct capillary blood flow, and cause fever and severe pain in the joints and abdomen

A

Sickle cell crisis

38
Q

Metabolic disorder marked by amyloid deposits in organs and tissue

A

Amyloidosis

39
Q

Enlargement of the spleen

A

Splenomegaly

40
Q

Inherited disorder transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait that causes an abnormality of the globin genes in hemoglobin

A

Sickle cell anemia

41
Q

Anemia resulting from hemolysis of red blood cells

A

Hemolytic anemia

42
Q

Anemia caused by anitbodies produced by the patient’s own immune system

A

Autoimmune Hemolytic anemia

43
Q

The spleen is part of the reticuloendothelial system and is the largest single mass of ________ tissue in the body.

A

lymphoid

44
Q

The spleen is an __________ organ, covered with peritoneum over its entire extent except for a small area at its hilum, where the vascular structures and lymph nodes are located.

A

intraperitoneal

45
Q

The spleen is normally measured with ultrasound on a longitudinal image from the _______ margin to the _______ margin at the long axis.

A

upper

inferior

46
Q

___________ may occur as part of asplenic or polysplenia syndromes in association with complex cardiac malformations, bronchopulmonary abnormalities, or visceral heterotaxis.

A

Splenic agenesis

47
Q

An ___________ is usually found near the hilum or inferior border of the spleen but has been reported elsewhere in the abdominal cavity.

A

Accessory spleen

48
Q

The ________ indicates the percentage of red blood cells per volume of blood.

A

hematocrit

49
Q

The term _______ indicates bacteria in the bloodstream.

A

sepsis

50
Q

The increase in the number of white blood cells present in the blood that is a typical finding of infection is called _________.

A

leukocytosis

51
Q

Sonographically the splenic parenchyma should have a fine homogeneous ____________ as is seen within the liver parenchyma.

A

low-level echo pattern

52
Q

Systemic venous congestion is found in cardiac decompensation involving the ______ side of the heart.

A

right

53
Q

In infants and children in crisis, the earlier stage of __________, the spleen is enlarged with marked congestion of the red pulp.

A

sickle cell anemia

54
Q

Patients with hepatosplenic _________ may show irregular masses within the spleen, the “wheels-within-wheels” pattern, with the outer wheel representing the ring of fibrosis surrounding the inner echogenic wheel of inflammatory cells and a central hypoechoic area.

A

candidiasis

55
Q

If the patient has severe left upper quadrant pain secondary to trauma, a splenic _________ or a __________ hematoma should be considered.

A

hematoma

subcapsular

Chp 15 The Spleen (2 decks)

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