Chp 10 water soluble vitamins

Question 1

what are vitamins

Answer 1

are organic molecules that are present in plant and animal foods
and are required in trace amounts to maintain body functions
theree are 13 vitamins(9 water-soluble vitamins, 4 fat-soluble vitamins)
they participate in a variety of functions from regulating energy metabolism to repairing cell damage.

Question 2

what are water-soluble vitamins

Answer 2

each vitamin is chemically distinct from the others, but all are organic.
most water soluble vitamins serves as coenzymes in energy metabolism.
they are destroyed by cooking and by improper storage

Question 3

what is fortification and its purpose

Answer 3

is the addition of vitamins to foods whether or to it is normally contained in foods
-to prevent nutrient inferiority in a food that replaces a traditional food in the diet
-to restore nutrient levels of a food to the levels it has before storage, handling and processing
-to provide a balance of vitamins mineral and protein in proportion to the total caloric content of food
-to correct a dietary insufficiency in the population

Question 4

what is enrichment

Answer 4

enrichment is the addition of vitamins above the initial natural levels to meet a specified standard

Question 5

high pH levels can destroy what type of vitamins?

Answer 5

eg thymine and vitamin c

Question 6

which is the most stable water soluble vitamins ?

Answer 6

niacin (vit b3) it is stable in heat and light

Question 7

what food is the richest in vitamin B1

Answer 7

pork

Question 8

for vitamin B3 how much to consume to lower blood cholesterol levels and reduce cardiovascular risk?

Answer 8

2-4g/day

Question 9

what does niacin equivalent mean?

Answer 9

refers to the combined amounts of niacin and tryptophan in foods

Question 10

how much mg of niacin can be made from 60mg of tryptophan

Answer 10

1mg of niacin

Question 11

what is the deficiency in vitamin b3

Answer 11

4Ds (dementia, dermatitis, death and diarrhea)

Question 12

which vitamin is not one of the vitamins added to enriched products

Answer 12

vitamin b6

Question 13

Which water-soluble vitamin may have higher bioavailability in supplements than dietary sources?

Answer 13

folic acid / folate

Question 14

which water sol vitamin is a nitrogen containing compund

Question 15

which water sol vitamin is a sulfide containing compound