chp 10 : transfer of heat energy and its effects Flashcards
what is temperature
a measure of how hot an object is
when object heated, particles move ____, kinetic energy ___
faster, increases
heat travels frm __ region to region
hotter region to colder region
who expands more, and least
solid expands least, gas expands most
formula for density
density = mass/volume
definition of conduction
heat transferred from one particle to another without the physical movement of medium
what is conduction based on
the collision and vibration of particles in a solid
why are metals good conductors of heat
besides atoms, it has free moving electrons that can collide with other atoms and electrons further away at a faster rate
what is convection
heat is transmitted through movement of medium (mainly in liquid and gases)
how does convection take place
when there is a change in density when heated/cooled
what is radiation
transfer of heat through infrared waves, from one place to another without the need for a medium
can radiation take place in a vacuum
radiation is the only heat transfer process that can take place in a vacuum
what is an emmiter
object that emits radiation to cool down
what is an absorber
object that absorbs heat to heat up
factors affecting radiation
surface area, temp of object, type of surface
what are characteristics of a good absorber/emitter
black, rough, dark
what are characteristics of a poor emitter/absorber
white, smooth/polished, shiny, light
how to annswer heat transfer qn
pdtr
process
direction
thermal property
ratee
how is sea breeze formed
during the day, land heats up faster than the sea. the air above the land which is warmer and less dense will rise. the denser cooler air above the sea will now move in to take its place above the land. this process continues and a convection current is formed, causing sea breeze to form
how is land breeze formed
at night, the land cools down faster while the sea retains its heat. the warmer, less dense air above the sea rises and the denser, cooler air above the land will move in to take the place of the air above the sea which has risen, this process continues and a convection current is formed, causing land breeze to form
SI unit for temp
kelvin (K)
