Chp 1: Computer Programming

Question 1

Computer: definition

Answer 1

Any device that stores and processes data.

Question 2

algorithm

Answer 2

A sequence of steps that species how to solve a problem, with or without a computer.

Question 3

bug

Answer 3

An error in a program.

Question 4

processors

Answer 4

(or CPUs) perform simple calculations

Question 5

memory

Answer 5

(or RAM) that temporarily stores information.

Question 6

program

Answer 6

the sequence of instructions that specifies how to perform a computation on computer hardware.

Question 7

input

Answer 7

Get data from the keyboard, a file, a sensor, or some other device.

Question 8

output

Answer 8

Display data on the screen, or send data to a file or other device.

Question 9

math

Answer 9

Perform basic mathematical operations like addition and division.

Question 10

decision

Answer 10

Check for certain conditions and execute the appropriate code.

Question 11

repetition

Answer 11

Perform an action repeatedly, usually with some variation.

Question 12

programming

Answer 12

the process of breaking down a large, complex task into smaller and smaller subtasks

Question 13

statement

Answer 13

a line of code that performs a basic action; specifies one step of an algorithm.

Question 14

print statement

Answer 14

displays a message to the user

Question 15

method

Answer 15

a named sequence of statements.

Question 16

class

Answer 16

a collection of related methods; it is conventional to start with a capital letter.

Question 17

comment

Answer 17

A part of a program that contains information about the program but has no effect when the program runs.

Question 18

high-level language

Answer 18

A programming language that is designed to be easy for humans to read and write.

Question 19

low-level language

Answer 19

A programming language that is designed to be easy for a computer to run. Also called “machine language”.

Question 20

portable

Answer 20

The ability of a program to run on more than one kind of computer.

Question 21

interpreter

Answer 21

processes the program a little at a time, alternately reading lines and performing computations.

Question 22

compiler

Answer 22

reads the entire program and translates it completely before the program starts running; compiled programs often run faster than interpreted programs.

Question 23

Source code

Answer 23

A program in a high-level language, before being compiled.

Question 24

object code

Answer 24

The output of the compiler, after translating the program.

Question 25

Executable/ Object code

Answer 25

translated program language to a low-level language that is ready to run on specific hardware; is not portable.

Question 26

Virtual Machine

Answer 26

“imaginary” machine has the functionality common to desktops, laptops, tablets, phones, etc.

Question 27

byte code

Answer 27

A special kind of object code used for Java programs. Byte code is similar to object code, but it is portable like a high-level language.

Question 28

strings

Answer 28

A sequence of characters that appear in quotation marks; the primary data type for text.

Question 29

Newline (\n)

Answer 29

A special character signifying the end of a line of text. Also known as \line ending”, \end of line” (EOL), or \line break”.

Question 30

escape sequence

Answer 30

two characters of source code that represent a single character when used inside a string.

Question 31

Computer science

Answer 31

the science of algorithms, including their discovery and analysis; scientific and practical approach to computation and its applications.

Question 32

debugging

Answer 32

The process of finding and removing errors.