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Anatomy And Physiology > Chp 1 > Flashcards

Chp 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the separation between internal and external environments

A

Maintaining boundaries

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2
Q

Define movement

A

Refers to muscular system allowing movementine

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3
Q

What is contractility?

A

Refers to movement at the cellular level

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4
Q

Ability to respond to stimuli and control breathing rate

A

Responsiveness

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5
Q

Digestion

A

Breakdown of ingested food, allowed by absorption of simple molecules into blood.

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6
Q

Anabolic is…

A

Building of complex molecules from numerous simple ones

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7
Q

Breakdown of complex molecules into numerous simple ones

A

Catabolic

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8
Q

Metabolism

A

Sum of reactions that occur throughout the body within each cell and provides energy to body.

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9
Q

Removal of wastes from metabolism and digestion

A

Excretion

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10
Q

Urea is an example of what excretion

A

Breakdown of proteins

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11
Q

Carbon dioxide is an example of what type of excretion

A

Metabolism

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12
Q

Reproduction

A

Cellular level - division of cells
Organismal level - production of offspring

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13
Q

How many systems are there in the body?

A

11

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14
Q

Integumentary system includes..

A

Hair, nails, and skin

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15
Q

Skeletal system

A

Protects and supports body organs and provides framework

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16
Q

Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression

A

Muscualr system

17
Q

Nervous system

A

Responds to interna and external changes
Components: brain and spinal cord (CNS and PNS)

18
Q

Endocrine system

A

Glands secreting hormones that regulate processes within the body

19
Q

What is the cardiovascular systems function?

A

Blood vessels transport blood, carrying oxygen. CO2, nutrients, and wastes.

20
Q

Lymphatic/Immune systems functions

A

Picks up leaked fluid from blood vessels. Returns it to blood, and disposes of debris
Additional - defense against pathogens and foreign invaders

21
Q

What system keeps blood supplied with oxygen and removes CO2?

A

Respiratory system

22
Q

What breaks down foods into absorbable units for the body?

A

Digestive system

23
Q

What’s the urinary systems function?

A

Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body

24
Q

Male reproductive system function

A

Production of sperm for offspring

25
Q

Female reproductive system function

A

Production of eggs for offspring

26
Q

Survival needs

A

Nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temp, and appropriate atmospheric pressure

27
Q

What is homeostasis

A

Maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions despite environmental changes

28
Q

What is homeostatic control?

A

Constant monitoring and regulation to maintain stability
Key players - nervous and endocrine systems

29
Q

What are three components of homeostatic control?

A

Receptor, control center and effector

30
Q

What does the receptor do in homeostatic control ?

A

Monitors environment and responds to stimuli

31
Q

What does the control center do in homeostatic control?

A

Determines setpoint, receives input, and decides response

32
Q

What does the effector do in homeostatic control?

A

Receives output, execute response, and reduces (negative feedback) or enhances (positive feedback) stimulus

33
Q

What is negative feedback?

A

Response reduces or shut off original stimulus
Examples: body temp regulation and blood glucose control by insulin

34
Q

What is positive feedback?

A

Response enhances, or exaggerates original stimulus
Example: labor contractions, and platelet plug formation for blood clotting

35
Q

What is happening when there is overwhelmed negative feedback leading to destructive positive feedback?

A

Homeostatic imbalance

36
Q

What are the six subdivisions of anatomy?

A

Gross or macroscopic anatomy
Regional anatomy
System anatomy
Surface anatomy
Microscopic anatomy
Developmental anatomy

Anatomy And Physiology (1 decks)

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