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CHM 112 > Chot 4 Phase Equilibra > Flashcards

Chot 4 Phase Equilibra Flashcards

1
Q

QUESTION

A

OPTION 1

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2
Q
  1. What is the process called when a solid changes directly into vapor without passing through the liquid phase? (A. Condensation B. Sublimation C. Evaporation D. Crystallization)
A

Answer: B. Sublimation

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3
Q
  1. During which process is heat added to overcome intermolecular forces without changing temperature? (A. Freezing B. Melting C. Condensation D. Crystallization)
A

Answer: B. Melting

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4
Q
  1. What is the reverse of the heating curve of a system? (A. Evaporation curve B. Cooling curve C. Phase diagram D. Sublimation curve)
A

Answer: B. Cooling curve

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5
Q
  1. Above what temperature is a gas unable to liquefy regardless of pressure? (A. Freezing temperature B. Critical temperature C. Boiling temperature D. Melting temperature)
A

Answer: B. Critical temperature

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6
Q
  1. Which of the following gases has a critical temperature of -119°C? (A. Nitrogen B. Oxygen C. Carbon dioxide D. Helium)
A

Answer: A. Nitrogen

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7
Q
  1. What is the principle of liquefaction in the Linde Process? (A. Sublimation B. Free expansion cooling C. Isothermal expansion D. Adiabatic heating)
A

Answer: B. Free expansion cooling

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8
Q
  1. What is the molar latent heat of vaporization? (A. Heat required to vaporize one mole of a liquid B. Heat required to cool one mole of vapor C. Heat required to solidify one mole of liquid D. Heat required to compress one mole of vapor)
A

Answer: A. Heat required to vaporize one mole of a liquid

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9
Q
  1. What happens during evaporation in an open vessel? (A. Molecules condense on the vessel walls B. Molecules diffuse away until the liquid disappears C. Liquid solidifies due to cooling D. Molecules gain heat and sink)
A

Answer: B. Molecules diffuse away until the liquid disappears

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10
Q
  1. What occurs at dynamic equilibrium in a closed system? (A. Vapors escape continuously B. Molecules only evaporate, not condense C. The rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation D. The liquid freezes completely)
A

Answer: C. The rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation

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11
Q
  1. What is a characteristic property of a liquid at a given temperature? (A. Latent heat B. Boiling point C. Equilibrium vapor pressure D. Freezing point)
A

Answer: C. Equilibrium vapor pressure

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12
Q
  1. What promotes the liquefaction of a gas? (A. Low pressure and high temperature B. High pressure and low temperature C. High pressure and high temperature D. Low pressure and low temperature)
A

Answer: B. High pressure and low temperature

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13
Q
  1. Which property of a liquid determines its volatility? (A. Specific heat capacity B. Molar mass C. Equilibrium vapor pressure D. Density)
A

Answer: C. Equilibrium vapor pressure

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14
Q
  1. What is the phase change from liquid to vapor called? (A. Freezing B. Vaporization C. Sublimation D. Melting)
A

Answer: B. Vaporization

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15
Q
  1. Which substance has a critical temperature of 374°C? (A. Water B. Nitrogen C. Sulfur dioxide D. Carbon dioxide)
A

Answer: A. Water

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16
Q
  1. What cooling method involves expansion against a pressure? (A. Refrigeration B. External work cooling C. Adiabatic cooling D. Free expansion cooling)
A

Answer: B. External work cooling

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17
Q
  1. Which gas does not cool on expansion at room temperature? (A. Carbon dioxide B. Nitrogen C. Hydrogen D. Oxygen)
A

Answer: C. Hydrogen

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18
Q
  1. What prevents superheating during boiling? (A. Stirring the liquid vigorously B. Decreasing pressure quickly C. Introducing porous materials D. Increasing temperature rapidly)
A

Answer: A. Stirring the liquid vigorously

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19
Q
  1. What type of liquid escapes faster due to weaker intermolecular forces? (A. Volatile liquids B. Non-volatile liquids C. Saturated liquids D. Supercooled liquids)
A

Answer: A. Volatile liquids

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20
Q
  1. Which gas has a critical pressure of 12.8 atm? (A. Oxygen B. Nitrogen C. Hydrogen D. Helium)
A

Answer: A. Oxygen

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21
Q
  1. Which phase change involves a gas turning into a solid? (A. Deposition B. Vaporization C. Sublimation D. Crystallization)
A

Answer: A. Deposition

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22
Q
  1. What is the temperature below which a gas cools upon expansion? (A. Freezing point B. Inversion temperature C. Boiling point D. Critical temperature)
A

Answer: B. Inversion temperature

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23
Q
  1. What does the term “free expansion” mean? (A. Isothermal compression B. Expansion with temperature increase C. Expansion against a vacuum D. Expansion against atmospheric pressure)
A

Answer: C. Expansion against a vacuum

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24
Q
  1. Which cooling method is not influenced by external work? (A. Free expansion B. Adiabatic expansion C. Refrigeration cooling D. Compression cooling)
A

Answer: A. Free expansion

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25
Q
  1. What is required for dynamic equilibrium in a closed container? (A. Equal rates of evaporation and condensation B. Equal rates of freezing and melting C. Continuous cooling D. Constant increase in vapor pressure)
A

Answer: A. Equal rates of evaporation and condensation

26
Q
  1. What describes liquids as practically incompressible? (A. They are completely solidified B. They lack intermolecular forces C. They have high vapor pressure D. They retain a fixed volume)
A

Answer: D. They retain a fixed volume

27
Q
  1. What term is used for the pressure exerted by a liquid’s vapor at equilibrium? (A. Critical pressure B. Atmospheric pressure C. Vapor pressure D. Osmotic pressure)
A

Answer: C. Vapor pressure

28
Q
  1. At what point can a gas not liquefy regardless of pressure? (A. Below the freezing point B. At room temperature C. Above the critical temperature D. Below the boiling point)
A

Answer: C. Above the critical temperature

29
Q
  1. What is the heat needed to evaporate 50g of ethanol if its molar latent heat is 39.2 kJ/mol? (A. 46.00 kJ B. 42.61 kJ C. 50.00 kJ D. 39.20 kJ)
A

Answer: A. 46.00 kJ

30
Q
  1. What happens to a liquid’s temperature as it evaporates? (A. It drops B. It remains constant C. It increases D. It oscillates)
A

Answer: A. It drops

31
Q
  1. Which phenomenon occurs when gas molecules coalesce into a liquid at low temperature? (A. Freezing B. Liquefaction C. Sublimation D. Evaporation)
A

Answer: B. Liquefaction

32
Q
  1. (What is the process called when a solid changes directly into vapor without passing through the liquid phase? A. Condensation B. Sublimation C. Evaporation D. Crystallization)
A

Answer: B. Sublimation

33
Q
  1. (During which process is heat added to overcome intermolecular forces without changing temperature? A. Freezing B. Melting C. Condensation D. Crystallization)
A

Answer: B. Melting

34
Q
  1. (What is the reverse of the heating curve of a system? A. Evaporation curve B. Cooling curve C. Phase diagram D. Sublimation curve)
A

Answer: B. Cooling curve

35
Q
  1. (Above what temperature is a gas unable to liquefy regardless of pressure? A. Freezing temperature B. Critical temperature C. Boiling temperature D. Melting temperature)
A

Answer: B. Critical temperature

36
Q
  1. (Which of the following gases has a critical temperature of -119°C? A. Nitrogen B. Oxygen C. Carbon dioxide D. Helium)
A

Answer: A. Nitrogen

37
Q
  1. (What is the principle of liquefaction in the Linde Process? A. Sublimation B. Free expansion cooling C. Isothermal expansion D. Adiabatic heating)
A

Answer: B. Free expansion cooling

38
Q
  1. (What is the molar latent heat of vaporization? A. Heat required to vaporize one mole of a liquid B. Heat required to cool one mole of vapor C. Heat required to solidify one mole of liquid D. Heat required to compress one mole of vapor)
A

Answer: A. Heat required to vaporize one mole of a liquid

39
Q
  1. (What happens during evaporation in an open vessel? A. Molecules condense on the vessel walls B. Molecules diffuse away until the liquid disappears C. Liquid solidifies due to cooling D. Molecules gain heat and sink)
A

Answer: B. Molecules diffuse away until the liquid disappears

40
Q
  1. (What occurs at dynamic equilibrium in a closed system? A. Vapors escape continuously B. Molecules only evaporate, not condense C. The rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation D. The liquid freezes completely)
A

Answer: C. The rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation

41
Q
  1. (What is a characteristic property of a liquid at a given temperature? A. Latent heat B. Boiling point C. Equilibrium vapor pressure D. Freezing point)
A

Answer: C. Equilibrium vapor pressure

42
Q
  1. (What promotes the liquefaction of a gas? A. Low pressure and high temperature B. High pressure and low temperature C. High pressure and high temperature D. Low pressure and low temperature)
A

Answer: B. High pressure and low temperature

43
Q
  1. (Which property of a liquid determines its volatility? A. Specific heat capacity B. Molar mass C. Equilibrium vapor pressure D. Density)
A

Answer: C. Equilibrium vapor pressure

44
Q
  1. (What is the phase change from liquid to vapor called? A. Freezing B. Vaporization C. Sublimation D. Melting)
A

Answer: B. Vaporization

45
Q
  1. (Which substance has a critical temperature of 374°C? A. Water B. Nitrogen C. Sulfur dioxide D. Carbon dioxide)
A

Answer: A. Water

46
Q
  1. (What cooling method involves expansion against a pressure? A. Refrigeration B. External work cooling C. Adiabatic cooling D. Free expansion cooling)
A

Answer: B. External work cooling

47
Q
  1. (Which gas does not cool on expansion at room temperature? A. Carbon dioxide B. Nitrogen C. Hydrogen D. Oxygen)
A

Answer: C. Hydrogen

48
Q
  1. (What prevents superheating during boiling? A. Stirring the liquid vigorously B. Decreasing pressure quickly C. Introducing porous materials D. Increasing temperature rapidly)
A

Answer: A. Stirring the liquid vigorously

49
Q
  1. (What type of liquid escapes faster due to weaker intermolecular forces? A. Volatile liquids B. Non-volatile liquids C. Saturated liquids D. Supercooled liquids)
A

Answer: A. Volatile liquids

50
Q
  1. (Which gas has a critical pressure of 12.8 atm? A. Oxygen B. Nitrogen C. Hydrogen D. Helium)
A

Answer: A. Oxygen

51
Q
  1. (Which phase change involves a gas turning into a solid? A. Deposition B. Vaporization C. Sublimation D. Crystallization)
A

Answer: A. Deposition

52
Q
  1. (What is the temperature below which a gas cools upon expansion? A. Inversion temperature B. Freezing point C. Boiling point D. Critical temperature)
A

Answer: A. Inversion temperature

53
Q
  1. (What does the term “free expansion” mean? A. Isothermal compression B. Expansion with temperature increase C. Expansion against a vacuum D. Expansion against atmospheric pressure)
A

Answer: C. Expansion against a vacuum

54
Q
  1. (Which cooling method is not influenced by external work? A. Free expansion B. Adiabatic expansion C. Refrigeration cooling D. Compression cooling)
A

Answer: A. Free expansion

55
Q
  1. (What is required for dynamic equilibrium in a closed container? A. Equal rates of evaporation and condensation B. Equal rates of freezing and melting C. Continuous cooling D. Constant increase in vapor pressure)
A

Answer: A. Equal rates of evaporation and condensation

56
Q
  1. (What describes liquids as practically incompressible? A. They are completely solidified B. They lack intermolecular forces C. They have high vapor pressure D. They retain a fixed volume)
A

Answer: D. They retain a fixed volume

57
Q
  1. (What term is used for the pressure exerted by a liquid’s vapor at equilibrium? A. Critical pressure B. Atmospheric pressure C. Vapor pressure D. Osmotic pressure)
A

Answer: C. Vapor pressure

58
Q
  1. (At what point can a gas not liquefy regardless of pressure? A. Below the freezing point B. At room temperature C. Above the critical temperature D. Below the boiling point)
A

Answer: C. Above the critical temperature

59
Q
  1. (What is the heat needed to evaporate 50g of ethanol if its molar latent heat is 39.2 kJ/mol? A. 46.00 kJ B. 42.61 kJ C. 50.00 kJ D. 39.20 kJ)
A

Answer: A. 46.00 kJ

60
Q
  1. (What happens to a liquid’s temperature as it evaporates? A. It drops B. It remains constant C. It increases D. It oscillates)
A

Answer: A. It drops

61
Q
  1. (Which phenomenon occurs when gas molecules coalesce into a liquid at low temperature? A. Liquefaction B. Freezing C. Sublimation D. Evaporation)
A

Answer: A. Liquefaction

CHM 112 (7 decks)

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