Choose your Vocab: Module 2

Question 1

stops

Answer 1

because the airflow is stopped completely (Sounds)

English stops include all of the following: [p, b, t, d, k, ɡ]

Question 2

plosives

Answer 2

because of the burst of

air at the moment of release, which sounds like a small explosion (Sounds)

Question 3

manner of articulation

Answer 3

The various production methods of consonants

criterion for classifying consonants and for assigning them to different groups or classes

Question 4

International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

Answer 4

The most well-known and most standardized transcription system. Transcription systems which have a separate symbol for each sound

Question 5

General American

Answer 5

standard reference accent of North

American English, for which the symbols are typically used

Question 6

vocal tract

Answer 6

the entire passage above the larynx

Question 7

articulators

Answer 7

all parts of the vocal apparatus which
are involved in speech production. a further distinction
between ‘active’ and ‘passive’ articulators. The former include all those articulators which can be moved (i.e. the tongue, the lips, and the lower jaw), while the
latter term describes those articulators which cannot change their position (e.g. the upper teeth, the hard palate, etc.)

Question 8

place of articulation.

Answer 8

the point of closest constriction in the vocal tract as a criterion for the description and classification of consonants

Question 9

bilabial sounds

Answer 9

Sounds which, like [b], are characterised by a constriction at the lips. (involving both lips)

Question 10

alveolar

Answer 10

an obstruction at the alveolar ridge (ex: [d])

Question 11

Labio-dentals

Answer 11

further to the back of the mouth:

involve only the lower lip and additionally the upper teeth. An example of a labio-dental sound is [f]

Question 12

inter-dental

Answer 12

situated or placed between the teeth.
sounds are produced with the tongue immediately behind the upper front teeth or even protruding between upper and lower front teeth

Question 13

palato-alveolar

Answer 13

sounds, such as [ ʃ ], the constriction is between the hard palate and the alveolar ridge, slightly further back than for alveolar sounds, such as [s]

Question 14

palatal

Answer 14

sound such as [j], the tongue is raised toward the hard

palate

Question 15

velar

Answer 15

An obstruction at the velum as in [k]

Question 16

glottal

Answer 16

if the airstream is obstructed at the glottis, as in [h]

Question 17

fricatives

Answer 17

air passes through this slight opening, the result is audible friction, a characteristic noise after which this class of consonants
Among the English sounds, [f, v, θ, ð, s, z, ʃ, ʒ, h] are classified as fricatives

Question 18

affricates

Answer 18

a stoppage of the airflow, followed by a prolonged release with only a narrow opening and therefore
audible friction.

Question 19

liquids

Answer 19

two sub-classes: [l] and [ɹ]

Question 20

glides

or semi-vowels

Answer 20

two sub-classes: [w] and [j]