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Pharmacology > Cholinomimetics > Flashcards

Cholinomimetics Flashcards

1
Q

A drug that acts by STIMULATING the PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM. Increase cholinergic outflow

A

Cholinomimetics

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2
Q

Direct Acting Choline Esters are …

A

A - Acetylcholine
B - Betanechol
C - Carbachol

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3
Q
  • Muscarinic agonist
  • Activates M1 to M3 receptors
  • Increased secretion, smooth m contraction (except in vascular smoot muscles : relaxation)
  • Changes HEART RATE
A

Acetylcholine

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4
Q

Adverse Effect: Cytospasm, diarrhea, urinary urgency, vasodilation, reflex tachycardia, sweating

A

Betanechol and Carbachol

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5
Q

Very short lived direct acting choline esters

DOA: 5 - 30 seconds

A

Acetylcholine

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6
Q

Rapidly hydrolyzes by AChE

A

Acetylcholine

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7
Q

Acts on Both M and N receptor except

Acetylcholine
Betanechol
Carbachol

A

Betanechol (M receptor only)

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8
Q

Used topically for glaucoma treatment

A

Carbachol

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9
Q

Used for bladder and bowel atony

A

Betanechol

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10
Q

Adverse effect:

CNS stimulation, miosis, cyclospasm, bronchoconstriction, excessive GI and GU SM contraction, increased secretory activity of sweat glands, airways, vasodilation

A

Acetylcholine

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11
Q

Neurotransmited used by PNS

A

Acetylcholine

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12
Q

Resistant to AChE

A

Betanechol

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13
Q

Muscarinic agonist, activates M1 to M3 except

Acetylcholine
Betanechol
Carbachol

A

Carbachol

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14
Q

Acts on M receptor only

A

Betanechol

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15
Q

Direct acting choline ester with DOA: 30mins - 2hrs

A

Carbachol

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16
Q

Direct Acting Nicotinic Agonist are …

A

N - Nicotine

V - Varenicline

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17
Q

Nonselective muscarinic and nicotinic agonist

A

Carbachol

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18
Q

Adverse Effect: Miosis, blurring of vision

A

Pilocarpine

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19
Q

Direct acting muscarinic ALKALOIDS

A

Pilocarpine

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20
Q

Good lipid solubity compared to choline esters

A

Pilocarpine

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21
Q

Used for treatmenr of Glaucoma, Sjorgen, Sicca syndrome

A

Pilocarpine

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22
Q

A direct acting nicotinic agonist at both NN and NM receptors

Activates autonomic post ganglionuc neurons and skeletal m neuromuscular end plates

A

Nicotine

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23
Q

For smoking cessation

A

Nicotine

Varenicline (exclusively)

24
Q

Adverse effect: Generalized ganglionuc stimulation (Hypertension, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)

A

Nicotine

Verenicline

25
Q

Able to ENTER the CNS and activates NN receptor

A

Nicotine

26
Q

A directing acting nicotinic agonist with DOA: 1-6hrs only

A

Nicotine

27
Q

A directing acting nicotinic agonist with DOA: 12-24h

A

Varenicline

28
Q

Short Acting Cholinesterase Inhibitor (Alcohol) is …

A

Edrophonium

29
Q

It binds briefly to activate site of AChE and preventa access of Ach

A

Edrophonium

30
Q

ADVERSE EFFECT: miosis, salivation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bradycardia

A

EDROPHONIUM (short acting cholinesterase inhibitor)

Intermediate Acting Cholinesterase Inhibitor
N - Neostagmine
P - Pyridostigmine
P - Physostigmine

Long Acting Cholinesterase inhibitor
M - Malathion
E - Echothiophate
P - Palathion

31
Q

Amplifies all actiona of Ach

A

Edrophonium

32
Q

For Myasthenia gravia diagnosis (Tensilon test)

A

Edrophonium

33
Q

A parenteral drug that is very short lived (DOA: 5-15mins)

A

Edrophonium

34
Q

Increases parasympathetic activity and somatic neuromuscular transmission

A

Edrophonium

35
Q

Intermediate Acting Cholinesterase Inhibitor (Carbamates) is …

A

N - Neostaine
P - Pyridostigmine
P - Physostigmine

36
Q

Forms covalent bonds with AChE, but hydrolyzed and released

A

Neostagmine

37
Q

An intermediate acting cholinesterase inhibitor (carbamates) that is LONGER acting than Edrophonium (short acting cholinesterase inhibitor)

A

Neostagmine

38
Q

An intermediate acting cholinesterase inhibitor (carbamates) that is LONGER acting effect compared to neostagmine

A

Pyridostigmine

39
Q

An intermediate acting cholinesterase inhibitor (carbamates) that is used for TREATMENT of Myastenia Gravis

A

Neostagmine

40
Q

Reversal of nondepolarizing muscular blockade

A

Neostagmine

41
Q

Used for treatment of Ogilvie Syndrome (an acute colonic pseudo-obstruction)

A

Neostagmine

42
Q

A intermediate acting cholinesterase inhibitor with poor lipid solubity

A

Neostagmine

Pyridostigmine

43
Q

A intermediate acting cholinesterase inhibitor

DOA: 30min - 2h
Oral

A

Neostagmine

44
Q

A intermediate acting cholinesterase inhibitor

DOA: 4-8h
Oral

A

Pyridostigmine

45
Q

A intermediate acting cholinesterase inhibitor with good lipid solubility

A

Physostigmine

46
Q

A intermediate acting cholinesterase inhibitor that is able to enter the CNS

DOA: 4-8hrs

A

Physostigmine

47
Q

Long Acting cholinesterase inhibitor (Organophosphates)

A

M - Malathion
E - Echothiophate
P - Palathion

48
Q

A natural alkaloid tertiary amine, similar to neostagmine

A

Physostigmine

49
Q

Similar to physostigmine but slowet release

A

Echothiophate

50
Q

Moderate lipid solubility

A

Echothiophate

51
Q

A ling acting cholinesterase inhibitor with DOA: 2-7days

A

Echothiophate

52
Q

Scabicide

A

Malathion

53
Q

Insecticide

A

Parathion

54
Q

High lipid solubity

A

Malathion

Parathion

55
Q

A long acting cholinesterase inhibitor with DOA: 7-30days

A

Malathion

Parathion

Pharmacology (1 decks)

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