Cholinoceptors

Question 1

DUMBBELLSS

Answer 1

Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, Bronchospasm, Bradycardia, Emesis,
Lacrimation, Lethargy, Salivation, Sweating

Question 2

Mimic the effects of Acetylcholine (ACh)

Answer 2

Cholinomimetics

Question 3

Bind to and activate nicotinic and/or muscarinic receptors

Answer 3

DIRECT-ACTING CHOLINOMIMETICS

Question 4

DIRECT-ACTING CHOLINOMIMETICS: CLASSIFICATION

Answer 4

Choline Esters
Cholinomimetic Alkaloids
Cevimeline

Question 5

Most susceptible to Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)

Answer 5

Acetylcholine

Question 6

Less susceptible to Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)

Answer 6

Metacholine

Question 7

Not susceptible to Acetylcholinesterase because of esterification to carbamic acid

Answer 7

Carbachol and Bethanechol

Question 8

Topical: induction of miosis during ophthalmic surgery as ophthalmic solution

Answer 8

Acetylcholine

Question 9

Inhalational: diagnosis of bronchial airway hyperactivity in patients who do
not have clinically apparent asthma

Answer 9

Metacholine

Question 10

Oral: treatment of urinary retention (atonic bladder), prokinetic

Answer 10

Betanechol

Question 11

Topical: treatment of glaucoma, induction of miosis during surgery as
ophthalmic solution

Answer 11

Carbachol

Question 12

CHOLINOMIMETIC
ALKALOIDS: SOURCES

Answer 12

• Muscarine: Amanita muscaria
• Pilocarpine: Pilocarpus sp.
• Arecoline: Areca catechu
• Nicotine: Nicotiana tabacum

Question 13

Agonist

Answer 13

Muscarine

Question 14

Partial agonist

Answer 14

Pilocarpine

Question 15

Nicotinic Activity

Answer 15

Nicotine

Question 16

Muscarinic and Nicotinic Activity:

Answer 16

Arecoline

Question 17

• Topical: treatment of glaucoma and miotic agent as ophthalmic solution
• Oral: treatment of xerostomia (that follows head and neck radiation
treatments or that is associated with Sjögren syndrome)

Answer 17

Pilocarpine

Question 18

A quinuclidine derivative of acetylcholine

Answer 18

CEVIMELINE

Question 19

Bind to and inactivate acetylcholinesterase (and butyrylcholinesterase) and thereby increase ACh

Answer 19

INDIRECT-ACTING CHOLINOMIMETICS

Question 20

INDIRECT-ACTING CHOLINOMIMETICS: CLASSIFICATION

Answer 20

Covalent Inhibitors

Noncovalent Inhibitors

Question 21

Noncovalent Inhibitors

Answer 21

Alcohols
Other Noncovalent Inhibitors

Question 22

Covalent Inhibitors

Answer 22

Organophosphates
Carbamates

Question 23

Derivatives of phosphoric acid

Answer 23

ORGANOPHOSPHATES

Question 24

A nucleophile that can break the phosphorus-enzyme bond

Answer 24

PRALIDOXIME

Question 25

Produce effects opposite to those of ACh

Answer 25

Cholinolytics