Cholinergic Receptor Inhibiting Drugs Flashcards
Do drugs the block muscarinic receptors have any effect on nicotinic receptors?
no
Name the 6 tertiary amines that block muscarinic receptors.
atropine, scopolamine, dicyclomine, tropicamide, tolterodine, benztropine
What effect is atropine and tropicamide used to produce and which receptor does it block?
mydriasis and cycloplegia (paralysis of the ciliary muscle); M3
What is scopolamine used to treat and which receptor does it block?
prevent or reduce motion sickness; muscarinic, subtype unknown
What is dicyclomine used to treat and which receptor does it block?
reduce transient hypermotility of the GI tract; M1 and M3
What is tolterodine used to treat and which receptor does it block?
Transient cystitis, postoperative bladder spasms, incontinence; M3
What is benztropine used to treat?
manifestations of parkinson’s disease
Which if the tertiary amines crosses the blood brain barrier?
benztropine
Name the 2 quaternary amines that block muscarinic receptors and which receptor do they block?
Ipratropium and Tiotropium; M3
What are the 2 quaternary amines (Ipratropium and Tiotropium) used to treat and which one is longer acting?
asthma and COPD; Tiotropium is longer acting
Which of the following is a ganglionic blocker and which receptor does it block?
Hexamethonium, succinylcholine, Tubocurarine, Mivacurium or Botulinum Toxin A
Hexamethonium; blocks Nn receptor
Which of the following is a depolarizing blocker and which receptor does it block?
Hexamethonium, succinylcholine, Tubocurarine, Mivacurium or Botulinum Toxin A
Succinylcholine; blocks Nm receptor by overstimulating the receptor with depolarization causing desensitization to further Ach stimulation
Which of the following are nondepolarizing blockers and which receptor do they block?
Hexamethonium, succinylcholine, Tubocurarine, Mivacurium or Botulinum Toxin A
Tubocurarine and Mivacurium; block Nm receptor
Which of the following is a local paralytic and which does it block?
Hexamethonium, succinylcholine, Tubocurarine, Mivacurium or Botulinum Toxin A
Botulinum toxin A; blocks vesicle fusion and Ach release by degrading SNAP-25
What is Hexamethonium used to treat?
for hypertensive emergencies and to produce hypotension for “bloodless field” surgeries; rarely used
What is succinylcholine used for?
Brief procedures (ex: tracheal intubation, reset dislocated joints); short lasting effects
What is Tubocurarine used for and how long does it last?
Muscle relaxant for surgery without deep anesthesia; lasts 30-60mins
What is Mivacurium used for?
Muscle relaxant for surgery without deep anesthesia; hydrolyzed more rapidly than tubocurarine so its short acting
What are the combined toxicities for the nondepolarizing and depolarizing blockers?
respiratory paralysis which can lead to death
What is the non-depolarizing blocker used in capital punishment?
pancuronium
Which drugs are cholinesterase inhibitors good at reversing the effects of; nondepolarizing blockers, depolarizing blockers or ganglionic blockers?
non-depolarizing blockers
What is Botulinum Toxin A used for?
Reduce frown lines and wrinkles, achalasia (abnormal esophageal contractions) strabismus (misalignement of eyes) and oromandibular dystonia (spasms of face and jaw)
Do ganglionic blockers block the parasympathetic nervous system, sympathetic nervous system or both?
both; they block the Nn receptor
Do muscarinic receptor antagonists block the parasympathetic nervous system, sympathetic nervous system or both?
parasympathetic