Cholinergic Pharmacology

Question 1

Difference between Ion and G-protein receptors

Answer 1

• ion is solid form and is nicotinic cholinergic

- G-protein is serpentine and is muscarinic cholinergic

Question 2

Sympathetic nervous system neurotransmitters

Answer 2

Norepinephrine acts on effectors

Acetylcholine acts on ganglia

Dopamine acts on few effectors

Question 3

Parasympathetic nervous system neurotransmitters

Answer 3

Acetylcholine acts on ganglia and effects

Question 4

Choline esters that are not affected by cholineesterase activity

Answer 4

Carbachol and Bethanechol chloride

Question 5

Types of Choline esters that produce Nicotinic reactions

Answer 5

Acetylcholine and carbachol chloride

Question 6

Types of choline esters that produce a muscarinic actions

Answer 6

All of them (although methacholine produces the greatest action)

Question 7

What drugs are used to relax the detrussor bladder muscles in urinary retention patients?

Answer 7

Bethanechol or neostigmine

Question 8

Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 8

Variable weakness of voluntarymuscles due to increase acetylcholinesterase activity

• uses an inhibitor or acetylcholinesterase for treatment to allow acetylcholine to remain bound longer

Question 9

Systemic side effects from direct acting/ indirect-acting agents

Answer 9

SLUD

Salivation
Lacrimation
Urination
Dedication

Question 10

Types of irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Answer 10

Echotinophate

Malathion (insecticides)

Sarin/soman

Question 11

Types of muscarinic receptors

Answer 11

Odd numbers = activates MAPkinases and increased Calcium concentration

Even numbers = turns off MAP kinases and lowers calcium concentration

Question 12

Atropine

Answer 12

Common muscarinic antagonist

• inhibits ach at M2 receptors increases sympathetic NS actions