Cholinergic Agonists

Question 1

Acetylcholinesterase

Answer 1

Enzyme responsible for the immediate breakdown of acetylcholine when released from the nerve ending; prevents overstimulation of cholinergic receptors sites.

Question 2

Alzheimer’s disease

Answer 2

Degeneration disease of the cortex with loss of acetylcholine-producing cells and cholinergic receptors; characterized by progression dementia.

Question 3

Cholinergic Agonist

Answer 3

Substance that mimics actions of acetylcholine; refers to receptor sites stimulated by acetylcholine as well as neurons that release acetylcholine

Question 4

Miosis

Answer 4

Constriction of the pupil; relives intraocular pressure in some types of glaucoma

Question 5

Myasthenia gracias

Answer 5

Autoimmune disease characterized by antibodies to cholinergic receptor sites leading to destruction of the receptor sites and decreased response at the neuromuscular junction; it is progressive, leading to paralysis

Question 6

Parasympathomimetic

Answer 6

Mimicking the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system leading to bradycardia, hypotension, pupil constriction, increased gastrointestinal secretions and activity, increased bladder tone, relaxation of sphincters, and bronchoconstriction

Question 7

Nerve gas

Answer 7

Irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitors used in warfare to cause paralysis and death by prolonged muscle constriction and parasympathetic crisis

Question 8

Parasympathetic NS

Answer 8

Rest and digest
Pupil constriction (miosis), salivation, vasodilation, decreased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, bronchoconstriction, increased respiratory secretions, increased peristalsis, bile release, urination

Question 9

Sympathetic NS

Answer 9

Fight or flight
Pupil dilation (mydriasis), Dry mouth, Vasoconstriction, Increased heart rate
Increased blood pressure, Bronchodilation, decreased respiratory secretions, decreased peristalsis, glucose release, urination blocked

Question 10

Pharmacodynamics of cholinergic drugs

Answer 10

Oculomotor nerve- pupil construction
Facial nerve-lens accommodation and increase salivation
Glossopharygeal nerve- lacrimal secretions and increase salivation
Vagus nerve- lungs-decrease synaptate effect, decreased secretions; heart- increase rate, decreased contractility, decreased conduction; GI,liver,pancreas, kidney; increased secretions, increased motility, decreased sphincter constriction muscle constraction— sphincter relaxation
Pelvic nerve- colon,bladder; sphincter relaxation, Cervix - vasodilation