Cholera

Question 1

What causes cholera?

Answer 1

The bacterium vibrio cholerae

Question 2

What is the role of the cell wall in a bacteria?

Answer 2

A cell wall is a physical barrier that protects against mechanical damage and excludes certain substances

Question 3

What is the role of the capsule in a bacteria?

Answer 3

The capsule protects the bacteria from other cells and helps groups of bacteria to stick together for further protection

Question 4

What is the role of the cell-surface membrane in a bacteria?

Answer 4

The role of a cell surface membrane is to act a a differentially permeable layer which controls the entry and exit of chemicals

Question 5

What is the role of a flagellum in a bacteria?

Answer 5

A flagellum aids movement of bacterium because its corkscrew shape helps the cell spin through fluids

Question 6

What is the role of circular DNA in a bacteria?

Answer 6

Circular DNA in a bacteria possesses the genetic information for the replication of bacterial cells

Question 7

What is the role of plasmid in a bacteria?

Answer 7

The plasmid possesses genes that aid the survival of the bacteria in adverse conditions, eg produces enzymes which break down antibodies

Question 8

Prokaryotic cells vs eukaryotic cells - nucleus?

Answer 8

Prokaryotic - no true nucleus, only a diffuse area of nucelar material with no clear nuclear envelope
Eukaryotic - distinct nucleus, with a nuclear envelop

Question 9

Prokaryotic cells vs eukaryotic cells - nucleolus?

Answer 9

Prokaryotic - no nucleolus

Eukaryotic - nucleolus is present

Question 10

Prokaryotic cells vs eukaryotic cells - chromosomes?

Answer 10

Prokaryotic - circular stands of DNA but no chromosomes

Eukaryotic - chromosomes present, in which DNA is located

Question 11

Prokaryotic cells vs eukaryotic cells - organelles?

Answer 11

Prokaryotic - no membrane-bound organelles

Eukaryotic - membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria, are present

Question 12

Prokaryotic cells vs eukaryotic cells - chloroplasts?

Answer 12

Prokaryotic - no chloroplasts, only photosynthetic regions in some bacteria
Eukaryotic - chloroplasts present in algae and plants

Question 13

Prokaryotic cells vs eukaryotic cells - ribosomes?

Answer 13

Prokaryotic - smaller 70S type

Eukaryotic - larger ribosomes, 80S type

Question 14

Prokaryotic cells vs eukaryotic cells - endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus or lysosomes?

Answer 14

Prokaryotic - no endoplasmic reticulum or associated Golgi apparatus and lysosomes
Eukaryotic - endoplasmic reticulum present along with Golgi apparatus and lysosomes

Question 15

Prokaryotic cells vs eukaryotic cells - cell wall?

Answer 15

Prokaryotic -cell wall made of peptidoglycan

Eukaryotic - WHere present, cell wall is made mostly of cellulose or chitin

Question 16

What are prokaryotic cell walls made of?

Answer 16

Prokaryotic cells walls are made of peptidoglycan

Question 17

What does a bacterial cell consist of?

Answer 17

A bacterial cell consists of:

• A cell wall
• A cell-surface membrane
• Flagellum
• Plasmid
• Circular DNA
• Capsule
• 70S type ribosomes