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PCM Block 6 > Choby > Flashcards

Choby Flashcards

1
Q

What are symptoms of the flu?

A
  • Fever
  • Myalgia
  • Headach
  • Malaise
  • Sore Throat
  • Cough

***NOT Rash

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2
Q

What type of Flu outbreak is more pathogenic than other types?

A

Influenza A - It is also responsible for the MOST outbreaks

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3
Q

T or F: flu viruses are double stranded

A

False, they are single stranded

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4
Q

What is the incubation period for the flu?

A

18-72 hours

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5
Q

What is the shedding period for the Flu virus?

A

1 day presymptom

5-10 days post onset

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6
Q

T or F: the flue is typically uncomplicated and self limiting IN OTHERWISE HEALTHY PATIENTS

A

True, this means it will go away on its own without causing death etc.

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7
Q

Who is at an increased risk for the Flu?

A
  • Older Adults
  • Pregnant Women
  • Young Children
  • People with chronic medical conditions
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8
Q

T or F: while the flu is considered uncomplicated and self limiting 1/4 of the people with complicated flu in the ICU had no prior risk factors

A
  • 1/3 of people in the ICU had no prior risk factors
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9
Q

What are some complications of the flu?

A
  • Enchophlitis
  • Respiratory Failure
  • MSOF
  • Death
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10
Q

What is the youngest a person can be and get a flu shot?

A

6 months

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11
Q

T or F: flu shots are approved for pregnant women and people with chronic health conditions

A

True

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12
Q

Who is allowed to have the flu nasal spray vaccine?

A

people 2 though 49 y/o

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13
Q

What are the exceptions to the rule that ppl. 2-49 can get the nasal spray?

A
  1. Kids 2-17 taking asprin
  2. Pregnant women
  3. People with Weak immune system, or caring for someone with a weak immune system
  4. Kids 2-4 with asthma
  5. Anyone who’s taken flu antiviral drugs in the last 24 hours
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14
Q

What two groups of people is influenza chemoprophylaxis considered for?

A
  • Pregnant Women
  • Health Care Workers
  • People at risk for having complications from the flu
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15
Q

What should you prescribe pregnant women or women up to two weeks postpartum who are suspected to have the flu?

A
  • Neuraminidase Inhibitor

**does NOT have a contraindication to breastfeeding

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16
Q

When should patients at risk for complications being antiviral flu therapy?

A
  • Within 48 hours of symptom onset
17
Q

Who should get the flu shot?

A
  • Everyone over 6 months of age
18
Q

What type of gallstones are the most prevalent in the US?

A

Cholesterol Based - 80%

Bilirubinate - 20%

19
Q

What are the risk factors for gallstones?

A
  • High Calorie Diets
  • Dyslipidemia
  • Obesity
  • Diabetes Type 2
  • Hyperinsulinemia

(Fat, Fertile, Female, Flatulent)

20
Q

How are gallstones most often discovered?

A

Incidentally during studies for other problems

21
Q

T or F: within 5-20 years of diagnosis, only 10-20% of asymptomatic people develop problems

A

True

22
Q

What is the annual rate of gallstones that are symptomatic/asymptomatic

A

2%

23
Q

What is biliary colic?

A
  • galstones clog the cystic duct
24
Q

What are some symptoms of biliary colic?

A
  • Starts abruptly
  • Not Relieved with BM
  • Pain lasts for 1-5 hours
25
Q

How many people that present with biliary colic will be back within 2 years?
- 10 years

A

2 years = 2/3

10 years = 90%

26
Q

What is the recommendation for people with biliary colic?

A
  • Cholecystectomy
27
Q

What are reasons for NOT doing a cholecystectomy on a symptomatic individual with biliary colic? (FYI ONLY)

A
  1. Porcelain Gallbladder
  2. Hemolytic Anemia
  3. Gallstones > 3cm
  4. Morbidly obese people having digastric surgery
  5. Pretransplant patients
28
Q

What is the difference between biliary colic and cholecystitis?

A
  • Gallstones blocks the the cystic duct instead of clearing
29
Q

What are some symptoms of Cholecystitis?

A
  • Fever
  • Leukocytosis
  • RUQ mass
  • Persistent pain (>4-5 hours)
  • Murphy’s Sign
30
Q

T or F: Patients often present with Cholecystitis after eating a low fat meal.

A

…False

31
Q

T or F: gallstones can also block the sphincter of oddi causing pancreatitis .

A

True

PCM Block 6 (2 decks)

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