CHN Flashcards
A group of people with common characteristics or interests living together within a territory or geographical boundary
COMMUNITY
A group of people with common characteristics, developmental stage or exposure to particular environmental factors, thus resulting in common health problems.
POPULATION GROUP
ACCORDING TO THE DEFINITION OF DR. MAGLAYA.
It is the utilization of the nursing process in the different levels of clientele (individuals, families, population group, and communities), concerned with the promotion of health, prevention of disease and disability , and rehabilitation.
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
What is the goal of the community health nursing?
PROMOTION AND PRESERVATION OF THE HEALTH OF POPULATION
What is the principle of utilitarianism ?
THE GREATEST GOOD FOR THE GREATEST POPULATION.
Nature of CHN practice?
COMPREHENSIVE
GENERAL
CONTINUAL AND NOT EPISODIC
What is the knowledge base of community health nursing derived from?
NURSING AND PUBLIC HEALTH.
In community health nursing, what are the different levels of clientele that nurses work with?
INDIVIDUALS, FAMILIES, POPULATION GROUPS, AND THE COMMUNITY AS A WHOLE.
What is the definition of public health according to Winslow?
PUBLIC HEALTH ENABLES EVERY CITIZEN TO REALIZE HIS BIRTHRIGHT OF HEALTH AND LONGEVITY
How does Shetland define the philosophy of community health nursing (CHN)?
THE WORTH AND DIGNITY OF MAN.
According to Freeman, what is community health nursing?
A SERVICE RENDERED BY A PROFESSIONAL NURSE
What is the ultimate goal of community health nursing, as per Jacobson?
PROMOTION OF OPTIMUM LEVEL OF FUNCTIONING (OLOF).
How does Hanlon define the purpose of community health nursing?
ATTAINMENT OF THE HIGHEST LEVEL OF WELL-BEING AND LONGEVITY.
An approach to health development by the World Health Organisation which attempts to reduce inequalities in health was made in year 1986.
OTTOWA CHARTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION (1986)
According to Maglaya, the ultimate goal of nursing is to raise the level of _________ of the entire citizenry.
HEALTH
What is the primary responsibility of the community health nurse?
HEALTH EDUCATION
The goal of health education can only be achieved when you successfully change a person’s _________.
BEHAVIOR
Health education is most effective when it leads to a positive change in an individual’s _________.
BEHAVIOR
When is the best time to conduct health education?
WHEN THE INDIVIDUAL IS HEALTHY AND FREE FROM ILLNESS.
What is the ultimate goal of community health nursing according to maglaya?
TO RAISE THE LEVEL OF HEALTH OF THE ENTIRE CITIZEN
What is the unit of service in the practice of community heath nursing?
FAMILY
The ___________ is the network of health facilities and personnel that carry out the task of rendering health care to people.
HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM
What is the interrelated ways in which a country organizes available resources for the maintenance and improvement of the health of its citizens and communities?
HEALTH SYSTEM.
What are the groups of services or institutions in the country which are concerned with the health of the population?
HEALTH SECTOR
What was the old vision of the Department of Health?
“The leader, staunch advocate and model in promoting HEALTH for ALL in the Philippines.”
The leader, staunch advocate and model in promoting HEALTH for ALL in the Philippines.
old vision of the Department of Health
What is the vision of the Department of Health by 2030?
“A GLOBAL LEADER for attaining better health outcomes, competitive and responsive health care system, and equitable health financing.”
A GLOBAL LEADER for attaining better health outcomes, competitive and responsive health care system, and equitable health financing.
vision of the Department of Health by 2030
What is the vision of the Department of Health by 2040?
“Filipinos are among the healthiest people in Southeast Asia by 2022, and Asia by 2040.”
Filipinos are among the healthiest people in Southeast Asia by 2022, and Asia by 2040.
vision of the Department of Health by 2040
What was the old mission of the Department of Health?
“Guarantee EQUITABLE, SUSTAINABLE, and QUALITY HEALTH for all Filipinos especially the poor.”
Guarantee EQUITABLE, SUSTAINABLE, and QUALITY HEALTH for all Filipinos especially the poor.
Old mission of the Department of Health
What is the mission of the Department of Health from 2016 to 2022?
“To lead the country in the development of a PRODUCTIVE, RESILIENT, EQUITABLE, and PEOPLE-CENTERED health system.”
To lead the country in the development of a PRODUCTIVE, RESILIENT, EQUITABLE, and PEOPLE-CENTERED health system.
The Mission of the Department of Health from 2016 to 2022?
When and where was Primary Health Care declared, and what was its goal?
FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHC IN ALMA ATA, USSR ON SEPTEMBER 6-12, 1978
THE GOAL WAS “HEALTH FOR ALL BY THE YEAR 2000.”
How was Primary Health Care adopted in the Philippines, and when?
LETTER OF INSTRUCTION 949 SIGNED BY PRESIDENT MARCOS ON OCTOBER 19, 1979
What is the underlying theme of the adoption of Primary Health Care in the Philippines?
HEALTH IN THE HANDS OF THE PEOPLE BY 2020.
What is the 4 pillars of Primary Health Care?
M-A-P-S?
MULTI SECTORAL LINKAGES
APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY
PARTICIPATION OF PEOPLE (ACTIVE)
SUPPORT MECHANISM MADE AVAILABLE
What is the 8 components/elements of Primary Health Care?
E-L-E-M-E-N-T-S
EDUCATION FOR HEALTH’
LOCALLY ENDEMIC DISEASE CONTROL
EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION
MATERNAL CHILD HEALTH AND FAMILY PLANNING
ESSENTIAL DRUGS
NUTRITION
TREATMENT OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASE AND COMMON ILLNESSES
SAFE WATER AND SANITATION
The 8 components/elements of Primary Health Care.
E___________ FOR HEALTH
L____________ ENDEMIC DISEASE _________
E___________ PROGRAM ON I___________
M_________ CHILD HEALTH AND FAMILY PLANNING
E___________ DRUGS
N____________
T____________ OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASE AND COMMON ILLNESSES
S_____ WATER AND S___________
EDUCATION FOR HEALTH’
LOCALLY ENDEMIC DISEASE CONTROL
EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION
MATERNAL CHILD HEALTH AND FAMILY PLANNING
ESSENTIAL DRUGS
NUTRITION
TREATMENT OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASE AND COMMON ILLNESSES
SAFE WATER AND SANITATION
What is the role of the DOH in our current Health Care Delivery System?
L-E-AD
LEADERSHIP IN HEALTH
ENEABLER AND CAPACITY BUIDER
ADMINISTRATOR OF SERVICES
The framework for the implementation of the Health Sector Reform Agenda?
FOURMULA ONE FOR HEALTH
RA 7160 is more popularly known as?
LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE
What is the Four Elements of Fourmula one for Health?
1.______________ (to foster investment in health)
2.______________(ensure quality and affordability)
3.___________(ensure accessibility and availability)
4._________________(enhance performance)
HEALTH FINANCING
HEALTH REGULATION
HEALTH SERVICE DELIVERY
GOOD GOVERNANCE
LEVEL OF HEALTH CARE that is devolved to the cities and the municipalities. It is health care provided by center physicians, public health nurses, rural health midwives, barangay health workers, traditional healers and others at the barangay health stations and rural health units. usually the first contact between the community members and the other levels of health facility.
PRIMARY LEVEL OF CARE
Level of Care is given by physicians with basic health training. This is usually given in health facilities either privately owned or government operated such as infirmaries, municipal and district hospitals and out-patient departments of provincial hospitals. This serves as a referral center for the primary health facilities. Capable of performing minor surgeries and perform some simple laboratory examinations.
SECONDARY LEVEL OF CARE
Level of care is rendered by specialists in health facilities including medical centers as well as regional and provincial hospitals, and specialized hospitals
TERTIARY LEVEL OF CARE
The National Health Insurance Program (NHIS) is operationalized by what corporation?
PHILHEALTH
Philhealth Membership
F-O-S-S-I-L-S
FORMAL
OFW
SELF-EMPLOYED
SPONSORED
INDIGENT
LIFETIME
SENIORS
This category of philhealth membership pertains to all employed individuals working in the government or private sectors with offices based in the country
FORMAL ECONOMY MEMBERS
These category of philhealth membership are individuals who are _________ by the local government OR Non-government Organization, usually with very low to no income
SPONSORED MEMBERS
These category of philhealth membership category includes retirees and pensioners above the age of 60 who have paid premiums for at least 120 months
LIFETIME MEMBERS
These category of philhealth membership are above the age of 60 not covered by any other existing membership categories
SENIOR CITIZEN
This category of philhealth membership includes self-earning individuals, professional practitioners, and overseas Filipino workers
SELF-EMPLOYED INDIVIDUALS
This category of philhealth membership includes Filipinos living abroad
OFW
a quality assurance program implemented by the DOH. It aims to establish an efficient system and raise the average quality of public health services through the certification of primary health care facilities that comply with its list of quality standards.
SENTRONG SIGLA MOVEMENT (CENTER OF VITALITY)
What is the 4 pillars of Sentrong Sigla Movement?
QUALITY ASSURANCE
AWARDS AND RECOGNITION
GRANTS AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
HEALTH PROMOTION
A health system established within the provincial and highly urbanized cities in the Philippines. It is tasked under the Universal Health Care (UHC) Act to be structurally integrated, bringing together the Interlocal Health Zones (ILHZ) that group municipalities into a city-wide and province-wide health system.
INTERLOCAL HEALTH SYSTEM (ILHS)
They are the people responsible for planning and delivering health services in their respective areas. In the Philippines, they are part of the local health system, and they play a crucial role in promoting and improving the health outcomes of the population, reducing health inequalities, and commissioning services from other organizations to meet the needs of the residents
LOCAL HEALTH BOARDS
ALSO KNOWN AS KALUSUGAN PANGKAHATAN (KP), IMPLEMENTED IN THE PHILIPPINES FROM 2010 TO 2016.
AQUINO HEALTH AGENDA (AHA)
What were the main goals of the Aquino Health Agenda (AHA)?
SUSTAINED HEALTH FINANCING
A RESPONSIVE HEALTH SYSTEM
BETTER HEALTH OUTCOMES.
What were some of the policies involved in the Aquino Health Agenda (AHA)?
EXPANDING HEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGE
UPGRADING HEALTH FACILITIES
PROVIDING FREE HEALTH CARE SERVICES TO INDIGENTS.
also known as Republic Act No. 11223, is a landmark legislation in the Philippines that aims to provide all Filipinos with access to a comprehensive set of quality and cost-effective health services without causing financial hardship.
UNIVERSAL HEALTH CARE ACT (UHC) RA11223
MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENTAL GOAL
P-E-G-CHI-MA-MA-EN-PA
POVERTY
EDUCATION
GENDER
CHILD MORTALITY
MATERNAL MORTALITY
MALARIA AND OTHER DISEASES
ENVIRONMENT
PARTNERSHIP WITH GLOBAL COMMUNITIES
The only 3 health-related MDG
CHI-MA-MA
MDG-4 CHILD MORTALITY
MDG-5 MATERNAL MORTALITY
MDG-6 MALARIA, HIV/AIDS AND OTHER DISEASE
To achieve better execution of policies and programs, the DOH added PLUS to the framework known as FOURMULA ONE FOR HEALTH. This additional element is?
PERFORMANCE ACCOUNTABILITY
a comprehensive plan that aims to improve the health and well-being of Filipinos. The agenda seeks to uphold every Filipino’s right to health consistent with the International Alma-Ata Declaration that health is a fundamental human right.
PHILIPPINE HEALTH AGENDA 2016-2022
Declaration adopted at the International Conference on Primary Health Care in 1978, was a significant milestone in the field of public health. It emphasized the importance of primary health care in achieving the goal of “Health for All” and recognized health as a fundamental human right.
ALMA-ATA DECLARATION 1978
Declaration endorsed at the Global Conference on Primary Health Care in 2018, ensure that everyone, everywhere has access to essential health services.
It emphasizes the critical role of primary health care in promoting good health and well-being and reaffirms the commitment to the fundamental right of every human being to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health.
ASTANA DECLARATION 2018
The sustainable developmental goals are a global call to action to end poverty, protect the earth’s environment and climate. which goal is the main function of the DOH
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOAL #3- aims to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.
The battle cry of the Philippine Health Agenda under the Duterte administration. The primary aim of which is the attainment of health-related sustainable development goals.
ALL FOR HEALTH TOWARDS HEALTH FOR ALL
What is the 3 guarantees of ALL FOR HEALTH TOWARDS HEALTH FOR ALL?
- SERVICE FOR ALL LIFE STAGES
- SERVICE WILL BE DELIVERED BY NETWORKS
- LESS OUT OF POCKET EXPENSES
LEVELS OF PREVENTION that is focused on avoiding disease entirely by implementing measures before the disease occurs to decrease the risk.
It is aimed to promote general health such as nutrition, lifestyle, stress management, and regular check-up.
it also aim to promote specific protection to disease such as immunization, prophylaxis, and quarantine/isolations
PRIMARY LEVEL OF PREVENTION
The stage of prevention that emphasizes early detection and treatment of a disease or condition to prevent it from progressing and causing more severe problems.
SECONDARY LEVEL OF PREVENTION
The stage of prevention that aims to reduce the impact of a disease that has already been diagnosed and established in an individual. This prevention includes interventions aimed at rehabilitation from disease, injury, or disability, and palliation where it seeks to prevent further morbidity by managing the symptoms.
TERTIARY LEVEL OF PREVENTION
A program launched in the year 1976 which aims to reduce morbidity and mortality among infants and children caused by immunizable disease
IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM
September 16, 1976.PROVIDING FOR COMPULSORY BASIC IMMUNIZATION FOR INFANTS AND CHILDREN BELOW EIGHT YEARS OF AGE. which only cover 4 vaccines such as, BCG, OPV, DPT, and measles.
P.D. 996
DECLARING APRIL 21 AND MAY 19, 1993 AND EVERY THIRD WEDNESDAY OF JANUARY AND FEBRUARY THEREAFTER, FOR TWO YEARS, AS NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION DAYS (NIDs)
PROCLAMATION NO. 147
AN ACT REQUIRING COMPULSORY IMMUNIZATION AGAINST HEPATITIS-B FOR INFANTS AND CHILDREN BELOW EIGHT (8) YEARS OLD.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7846
The mandatory basic immunization shall be given for free at any government hospital or health center to infants and children up to five (5) years of age.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10152
The EPI standards that assures the viability of the vaccine?
FEFO-FIRST EXPIRY FIRST OUT
Is it safe to administer all EPI vaccine on the same day at different site of the body?
YES. IT IS SAFE AND IMMUNOLOGICALLY EFFECTIVE TO ADMINISTER ALL EPI VACCINE ONE THE SAME DAY AT DIFFERENT SITE OF THE BODY.
The earliest age of an infant where measles vaccine can be given?
9 MONTHS OLD
What percentage of protection can an infant receive against measles when the measles vaccine is administered at 9 months?
85% PROTECTION AGAINST MEASLES INFECTION
What percentage of protection can an infant receive against measles when the measles vaccine is administered at one year and older?
95% PROTECTION AGAINST MEASLES INFECTION
Is it necessary to restart the vaccination schedule from the beginning if the interval between doses exceeds the recommended duration?
NO, THE VACCINATION SCHEDULE SHOULD NOT BE RESTARTED EVEN IF THE INTERVAL BETWEEN DOSES EXCEEDED THE RECOMMENDED INTERVAL BY MONTHS OR YEARS.
What conditions are generally not contraindications to vaccination?
MODERATE FEVER, MALNUTRITION, MILD RESPIRATORY INFECTION, COUGH, DIARRHEA, AND VOMITING.
What are the absolute contraindications to immunization, particularly regarding DPT2 or DPT3 doses?
GIVING DPT2 OR DPT3 TO A CHILD WHO HAS HAD CONVULSIONS OR SHOCK WITHIN 3 DAYS OF THE PREVIOUS DOSE.
SEVERELY SICK AND WITH REFERRAL
Who should not receive live vaccines like BCG, and what are the conditions that contraindicate it?
CHILD WITH CLINICAL HIV/AIDS
CLIENT UNDERGOING
THERAPY WITH IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS
Is it safe to immunize a child who is mildly ill with conditions like local reaction, fever, or systemic symptoms?
YES, IT IS SAFE AND EFFECTIVE WITH MILD SIDE EFFECTS AFTER VACCINATION. LOCAL REACTION, FEVER, AND SYSTEMIC SYMPTOMS CAN RESULT AS PART OF THE NORMAL IMMUNE RESPONSE.
What is the effect of giving doses of a vaccine at less than the recommended 4 weeks interval, and what happens when the interval is lengthened?
GIVING DOSES OF A VACCINE AT LESS THAN THE RECOMMENDED 4 WEEKS INTERVAL MAY LESSEN THE ANTIBODY RESPONSE.
What should be done if a child or mother misses a dose of DPT/HB/OPV/TT?
NO EXTRA DOSES MUST BE GIVEN. THE VACCINATION MUST BE CONTINUED AS IF NO TIME HAD ELAPSED BETWEEN DOSES.
What is the principle regarding the reconstitution of freeze-dried vaccines, and how should it be followed?
NEVER, EVER RECONSTITUTING THE FREEZE-DRIED VACCINES IN ANYTHING OTHER THAN THE DILUENT SUPPLIED WITH THEM.
What is the recommendation regarding the use of syringes and needles during vaccination?
USE ONE SYRINGE, ONE NEEDLE PER CHILD DURING VACCINATION.
When is the BCG vaccine given, and how many doses are administered?
BCG VACCINE IS GIVEN ONLY ONE DOSE AT BIRTH OR ANYTIME AT BIRTH.
When is the DPT vaccine given, and what is the dosing schedule?
DPT VACCINE IS GIVEN AT 6 WEEKS WITH 3 DOSES AND 4 WEEKS INTERVALS BETWEEN EACH DOSE.
When is the OPV vaccine given, and what is the dosing schedule?
OPV IS GIVEN AT 6 WEEKS WITH 3 DOSES AND 4 WEEKS INTERVALS BETWEEN EACH DOSE.
What is the recommended interval between the first and second doses of the Hepatitis B (HEPA B) vaccine?
6 WEEKS.
How long is the interval between the second and third doses of the Hepatitis B (HEPA B) vaccine?
8 WEEKS.
At what age is the initial dose of the Hepatitis B (HEPA B) vaccine typically administered?
AT BIRTH.
When is the Measles vaccine given?
MEASLES VACCINE IS GIVEN AT 9 MONTHS OLD.
When is Tetanus Toxoid 1 administered?
DURING PREGNANCY, AS EARLY AS POSSIBLE.
What is the recommended interval between Tetanus Toxoid 1 and Tetanus Toxoid 2?
AT LEAST 4 WEEKS.
What level of protection does the mother receive after Tetanus Toxoid 2, and for how long?
80% LEVEL OF PROTECTION AND 3 YEARS DURATION.
When is Tetanus Toxoid 3 given?
AT LEAST 6 MONTHS AFTER TETANUS TOXOID 2
what level of protection does Tetanus Toxoid 3 provide?
PROVIDING 95% LEVEL OF PROTECTION.
What is the duration of protection after Tetanus Toxoid 3?
5 YEARS
When is Tetanus Toxoid 4 administered
GIVEN AT LEAST ONE YEAR LATER AFTER TETANUS TOXOID 3
What is the duration of protection after Tetanus Toxoid 4?
THE MOTHER (10 YEARS) AND 6 TO 1 YEAR DURATION OF PROTECTION FOR THE INFANT.
What level of protection does the mother receive after Tetanus Toxoid 4
PROVIDING 99% LEVEL OF PROTECTION
When is Tetanus Toxoid 5 administered
AT LEAST ONE YEAR LATER AFTER TETANUS TOXOID 4
what level of protection does Tetanus Toxoid 5 provide?
PROVIDING 99% LEVEL OF PROTECTION FOR THE MOTHER.
What is unique about Tetanus Toxoid 5 in terms of protection for infants?
ALL INFANTS BORN TO THAT MOTHER WILL BE PROTECTED.
How long does Tetanus Toxoid 5 provide protection for the mother?
LIFETIME
What vaccines are most sensitive to heat?
OPV (LIVE ATTENUATED) AND MEASLES (FREEZE DRIED)
What vaccines are least sensitive to heat?
DPT, HEP B, BCG (FREEZE DRIED), AND TETANUS TOXOID
How should OPV and Measles vaccines be stored to maintain their efficacy?
STORED AT -15 TO -25 DEGREES CELSIUS IN THE FREEZER.
How is the BCG vaccine administered to infants?
INTRADERMALLY.
Where is the recommended injection site for the BCG vaccine in infants?
RIGHT DELTOID REGION IN THE ARM.
What is the dosage of the BCG vaccine for infants?
0.05ML.
How is the DPT vaccine administered?
INTRAMUSCULARLY.
Where is the recommended injection site for the DPT vaccine?
UPPER OUTER PORTION OF THE THIGH.
What is the dosage of the DPT vaccine?
0.5ML.
What is the administration method for OPV?
ORALLY.
What is the recommended dosage for OPV?
2 DROPS.
Where is the recommended injection site for the Measles vaccine?
OUTER PART OF THE UPPER ARM.
How is the Hepatitis B (HEPA B) vaccine administered?
INTRAMUSCULARLY
How is the Measles vaccine administered?
SUBCUTANEOUSLY.
What is the dosage of the Measles vaccine?
0.5ML
Where is the recommended injection site for the HEPA B vaccine?
UPPER OUTER PORTION OF THE THIGH.
What is the dosage of the HEPA B vaccine?
0.5ML.
How is the Tetanus Toxoid vaccine administered?
INTRAMUSCULARLY.
Where is the recommended injection site for the Tetanus Toxoid vaccine?
DELTOID REGION OF THE UPPER ARM.
What is the dosage of the Tetanus Toxoid vaccine?
0.5ML.
