Chloroplasts Flashcards

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1
Q

What Is The Stroma And What Does It Contain?

A

It is the thick fluid, similar to cyctoplasm, that contains ribosomes, ATP, enzymes used for respiration and the genome.

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2
Q

When starched together, what do thylakoids make?

A

Grana.

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3
Q

What happens at the grana?

A

They actively fix O2.

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4
Q

When grana are not fixing O2, what happens to their structure?

A

They disassemble.

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5
Q

Where might you find a chromoplast?

A

In a red pepper.

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6
Q

What kind of plastids to potatoes have?

A

Amyloplasts.

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7
Q

What are some plastids derived from?

A

Luecoplasts.

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8
Q

Do all chloroplasts come with the same structure?

A

No, their thylakoids can be differently structured.

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9
Q

Where are he stromal lamellae found?

A

They are the interconnecting sections between grana.

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10
Q

How do red algaes thylakoids appear?

A

They are flattened sacs, with one membrane only one layer think, with a granular surface, made of accessory pigments.

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11
Q

How many membranes do Dinoflagellate chloroplasts have?

A

3, they appear in a triples membrane, found in groups of 3 and are unappressed.

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12
Q

What are the two reactants of photosynthesis?

A

Water and CO2

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13
Q

What are he three products of photosynthesis?

A

Glucose, O2 and H2O

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14
Q

In photosynthesis does water gain or lose electrons?

A

Loses, it is oxidised.

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15
Q

How is photosynthesis endergonic?

A

It requires the energy from photons.

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16
Q

Where are chlorophyll molecules found?

A

In the thylakoids membrane.

17
Q

What does chlorophyll a have attached to it?

A

A Methyl group.

18
Q

What does Chlorophyll b have attached to it, instead of the methyl that is attached to chlorophyll a?

A

A CHO group.

19
Q

Where do the light reactions of photosynthesis occur?

A

In the thylakoids

20
Q

What is produced from the light reaction?

A

ATP, NADH and O2.

21
Q

Where does the Calvin cycle occur?

A

In the stroma.

22
Q

What is produced in the Calvin cycle?

A

O2 and GP3.

23
Q

What is the photon in the light phase used to do?

A

Split a H2O molecule.

24
Q

What is the name for photosystem 11’s and 1’s special pair?

A

P680 and P700, respectively.

25
Q

In what photosystem is H2O lysed?

A

PS 11.

26
Q

Where does NADP+ receive its electron from in order to change it to NADPH?

A

The Qa of PS1.

27
Q

After giving away its electron to NADPH what state is PS1’s Qa?

A

It is unstable, missing an electron, it is stabilised by recovering electrons from PS11 through the ETC.

28
Q

What are the three phases of the Calvin cycle?

A

Carbon fixation, reduction and regeneration of BuBP.