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ACC > Chloes Stuff > Flashcards

Chloes Stuff Flashcards

0
Q

How do you calculate systemic vascular resistance,

A

Systolic - diastolic

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1
Q

How do you calculate mean arterial pressure?

A

CO x SVR

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2
Q

How many marks do you get for eyes on GCS?

A

4

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3
Q

How many marks do you get for verbal on GCS?

A

5

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4
Q

How many marks do you get for motor on GCS?

A

6

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5
Q

In anaesthetics which drug would you use to treat a low BP and low HR?

A

Phenylepherine

Meteraminol

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6
Q

In anaesthetics which drug would you use to treat low BP and high HR?

A

Ephedrine

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7
Q

How do you treat hyperkalaemia?

A

Calcium gluconate

Insulin and dextrose

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8
Q

What is the triad seen in haemolytic uraemic syndrome?

A

Acute renal failure
Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia
Thrombocytopenia

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9
Q

What is haemolytic uraemic syndrome associated with?

A

Ecoli 157 gastroenteritis

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10
Q

In sepsis of unknown origin what antibiotics are given?

A

cefuroxime and metronidazole

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11
Q

In a massive PE what symptoms might the patient get?

A 
Syncope 
Cyanosis
Hypotension
Cardiac arrest 
Angina
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12
Q

What is the treatment for a PE?

A

Low molecular weight heparin or fondiparinux

Warfarin for 6 months

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13
Q

When would you consider unfractionated heparin over LMWH in PE?

A

Renal failure
Increased risk of bleeding
Massive PE - also think thrombolysis

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14
Q

When do you stop LMWH therapy after a PE?

A

After 5 days or when INR is 2-3

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15
Q

What are the risk factors for post operative nausea and vomiting?

A 
Female
Non smoker
Motion sickness
Post op opioids 
Previous episode
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16
Q

What anti emetics can be given to prevent PONV?

A

Ondansetron
Dexamethasone
Metaclopeimide
Droperidol

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17
Q

How does Ondansetron work?

A

Seretonin agonist

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18
Q

What dose of Ondansetron is given?

A

4-8mg

8 hourly

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19
Q

What anti emetic is best in preganacy?

A

Cyclazine

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20
Q

What is the difference between the Rosier scale and ABCD2 score?

A

Rosier to assess whether they have had a stroke

ABCD2 to give the likelyhood of a subsequent stroke after TIA

21
Q

What drugs are given long term after a stroke/TIA?

A

Anti hypertensives
Aspirin 2 weeks
Clopidogrel - 4 life
Statin

22
Q

What proceedure can be done after TIA if indicated?

A

Carotid endarterectomy

23
Q

How quickly do you have to use thrombolysis in a stroke?

A

Within 4.5 hours

24
Q

What are the indications for an immediate CT head with stroke?

A 
Indications for thrombolysis
If you suspect a bleed 
- on anticoagulants 
- known bleeding tendency
- reduced GCS
- headache
25
Q

Why are clear carbonated drinks not allowed before surgery?

A

They decrease LOS tone

26
Q

How long can a pt chew gum before an operation?

A

2 hours

27
Q

How many hours before surgery are you allowed clear water/ juice?

A

2 hours

28
Q

What are the 4 catagories in the CEPOD classification?

A

Emergency
Urgent
Scheduled
Elective

29
Q

What is the difference between scheduled surgery and elective?

A

Scheduled is decided within days, elective can be done to suit the patient and the hospital

30
Q

What ASA grade would someone be with well controlled asthma or hypertension?

A

Grade 2

Mild/ moderate disease with no functional limitation

31
Q

What ASA grade would someone be if they had unstable angina?

A

Grade 4

Constant threat to life

32
Q

What grade of surgery would an emergency laparotomy be?

A

4 (major)

33
Q

What grade of surgery would a knee arthroscopy be?

A

2 (intermediate)

34
Q

What grade of surgery would an #nof fixation?

A

3 (major)

35
Q

How high does the ST elevation need to be?

A

2 mm in chest leads

1 mm in limb leads

36
Q

Where is the MI?
ST elevation in

V1-4

A

Anterior

37
Q

Where is the MI?
ST elevation in

II, III, aVF

A

Inferior

38
Q

Where is the MI?
ST elevation in

V5-6, I and AVL

A

Lateral

39
Q

What does a LBBB look like?

A

Widened QRS complex

William in V1 and V6

40
Q

What is mydriasis?

A

Dilated pupils

41
Q

What are pathological Q waves a sign of?

A

Previous MI

42
Q

What do pathological Q waves generally look like?

A

They are either wider or deeper than normal

43
Q

Does tazocin contain penicillin?

A

YES

44
Q

Does augmentin contain penicillin?

What is it also called?

A

YES

Coamoxiclav

45
Q

What is the difference between a primary and a secondary pneumothorax?

A

Primary - in healthy people

Secondary - underlying lung disease

46
Q

What is a catamenial pneumothorax?

A

A spontaneous pneumothorax in women which is related to mentruation (endometriosis)

47
Q

Who are the only patients with a pneumothorax who you might consider discharging from A&E?

A

Primary pneumothroax which is less than 2 cm (before or after drainage) with no breathlessness

Can see them in OPC in a few weeks

48
Q

Does a positive base excess show acidosis or alkalosis?

A

It shows alkalosis (too mush base)

49
Q

You see red cell casts in the urine, what might your diagnosis be?

A

Glomerulonephritis

50
Q

What is the only absolute contraindication to ECT?

A

Raised ICP

ACC (5 decks)

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