Chinese Civil War Flashcards
What was the name of the leader of Guomindang?
General Jiang Jieshi
When was the first united front and what was the goal?
- Goal was to end warlords era
What was the name of the last emperor of the Manchu dynasty?
Pu Yi
What was Sun Yixian’s three principles?
Nationalism - To rid China of foreign influence, unit China and regain international respect!
Democracy - Educate the people so they could rule themselves. (we want to decide for ourself! )
People’s livelihood - Redistribute land to peasants + economic development. (We like the idea of better livelihood.)
What was the aim of the three axis movement?
Cleaning up the communistic party - Makes sense to ‘strengthen’ the ‘inside’ before attempting to change the ‘outside’.
Who was the inspirational leader of GMD?
Dr. Sun Yixian’s - Returning from exile in Japan with good ideas
Describe the Long March
Result of Jiangs ‘s fifth campaign against CCP. Jiang won and 90,000 communists broke through encirclement and trekked 9,600 km to Shaanxi (through some terrible terrain). Took 368 days and 90% died.
Key events:
- Crossing Xiang River: Strogly defended by GMD. Due to extra weight and bad tactics (walking through the river in a line) led to 50,000 men dying.
- Zunyi Conference: January 1935, CCP captured Zunyi and party conference led to Mao becoming leader.
- Upper Yangtze River crossing: Mao led the Red Army to fight against Japanese, by uniting with 40,000 communist army under Zhang Guotao. Mao deceived Jiang by pretending to build bridge, while crossing river at different place,
- Luding bridge: At Dadu river, shady bridge made by locals. According to CCP; 22 volunteers crossed bridge whole lobbing grenades at shooting machine guns.
- Mao’s 10,000 men met with Zhang’s 45,000, disagreement betwen going north and fight Japanese(Mao) or stay in western Sichuan (Zhang). They split, General Zhu De joined Zhang, they were attacked by GMD and Zhu fled to Mao.
- Songpan marshes: 10,000 entered, 7,000 made across 400km region with marsh - men drown, ate poisonous plants and starved.
- Shaanxi: Mao and army arrive, set up communist base centered on Yan’an.
Who was the inspirational leader of GMD?
Dr. Sun Yixian’s - Returning from exile in Japan with good ideas
Describe the Long March
Result of Jiangs ‘s fifth campaign against CCP. Jiang won and 90,000 communists broke through encirclement and trekked 9,600 km to Shaanxi (through some terrible terrain). Took 368 days and 90% died.
Key events:
- Crossing Xiang River: Strogly defended by GMD. Due to extra weight and bad tactics (walking through the river in a line) led to 50,000 men dying.
- Zunyi Conference: January 1935, CCP captured Zunyi and party conference led to Mao becoming leader.
- Upper Yangtze River crossing: Mao led the Red Army to fight against Japanese, by uniting with 40,000 communist army under Zhang Guotao. Mao deceived Jiang by pretending to build bridge, while crossing river at different place,
- Luding bridge: At Dadu river, shady bridge made by locals. According to CCP; 22 volunteers crossed bridge whole lobbing grenades at shooting machine guns.
- Mao’s 10,000 men met with Zhang’s 45,000, disagreement betwen going north and fight Japanese(Mao) or stay in western Sichuan (Zhang). They split, General Zhu De joined Zhang, they were attacked by GMD and Zhu fled to Mao.
- Songpan marshes: 10,000 entered, 7,000 made across 400km region with marsh - men drown, ate poisonous plants and starved.
- Shaanxi: Mao and army arrive, set up communist base centered on Yan’an.
