China Flashcards
where is most of china’s water?
in the south, but most of its people and farmland are in the north
4 steps of topography
plateau of Tibet basins and low mountain ranges broad coastal plain and river deltas continental shelf (hong kong and taiwan)
river:
old and broad
nicknamed river of sorrow
color is due to loess
yellow river
river: young and cuts through narrow valleys nicknamed main street of China 40% pop lives in basin site of 3 gorges dam
long river
climate
dry interior
monsoon east
cold in winter
wet, tropical in summer
would rank among world’s 25 largest economies
guangzhou
first a fishing village
hosts the world’s largest electronics factory “foxconn city”
shenzhen
means buddha mountain
produces 70% of country’s ceramic products
foshan
home to world’s largest shopping mall
dongguan
dirtiest air on earth
taiwan
30% of china’s urban water is now
recycled
china is world’s largest producer and consumer of
coal
agricultural water will soon have to be diverted to
beijing
filial piety
deference or respect that children must have for parents
mandate of heaven
if rulers do not rule harmoniously, then the people may overthrow them
born poor
worked in politics
lived during a politically unstable and difficult time
confucius
analects
compilation of confucius’s teachings
reciprocity
confucius
lead people by moral force
confucius
legalism
emphasizes need for order above all else
rabbit stump
legalism
penalties above humaneness
legalism
unify laws instead of seeking wise men
legalism
daoism founded by
laozi
qi
energy, foundation of the universe and the individual
immortality is achieved by
directing the natural energy of the body
4 elements
wood fire earth metal water
yin yang
daoism
dao
the way/ source of all things
goal of daoism
achieve inner peace power and mental clarity
live in accordance with nature
wu wuei
nonaction
acupuncture and acupressure
daoism
feng shui
daoism
means wind and water
let the state be small and the people few
daoism
buddha
enlightened or awakened one
buddhism
the middle way
buddhism based on teachings of
prince siddhartha guatama
siddhartha guatatma
seeked release from cycle of rebirth
found a middle path
organized disciples into a monastic community called sangha
nirvana
elimination of dissatisfaction
to achieve nirvana follow the
eightfold path
life is unsatisfying because of disire
buddhism
chinese popular religion
without a doctrine or theology
lin zixu
end all traffiking
treaty of nanjing
establishment of treaty ports
hong kong awarded to british
boxers
righteous and harmonious fists
rebelled against imperial government
wanted to expel foreign devils
boxer protocol of 1901
europeans can have military forces in capital
payment to europeans
suspended civil service
prosecution of govt officials
communists establish ppls republic of china in
1941
chinese revolution time
1911-1949
chinese revolution was a period of
transition
instability
manchu dynasty —->
communist state
first principle
end imperial powers over china and modernize
second principle
republican, elected form of govt with some level of autocracy
third principle
land reform/ socialism
sun yat sen
first president of chinese republic
founder of modern china
nationalist party
self strengthener
chinese civil war time
1927-1950
nationalists led by
chiang kai shek
communists led by
mao zedong
communists forced to take
long march
communist ideology
focuses on peasants
equality for all
anti US
campaigns to root out traitors and corruption
great leap forward date
1958-1963
great leap forward was a
failure
special economic zones
free market areas where chinese investors and entrepreneurs could start businesses with little gvt intervention
deng xiaoping
pragmatist
dismantled collective farming
allowed capitalism in SEZs
four modernizations
xi jingping
head of state
hukou system
household registration system
_____ growing fastest
navy
china IS americas greatest threat
speed of getting new power expanding territory strategically possible fossil fuel extraction maintaining historic integrity control over trade routes and waterways
red guards
college and high school students that became the shock troops of the cultural revolution
four olds
old culture old customs old ideas old habits
gang of four
maos wife
jiang quing
other radicals
little red book
maos communist writings
deng xiaoping
communist leader
guanggun
bare branches
unmarried men
shengnu
leftover ladies
women who remain unmarried in late 20s and beyond
1 in 5 women is unmarried
one child policy establised by
deng xiaoping
social maintanance fees
if parents do not pay fees, second child cannot get a hukou
gendercide
abortion of girls
formerly controlled by britan and became special administrative region in 1984
hong kong
anti secession law of china states that it can use military force if it tries to get independence from china
taiwan
wishes to gain independence from china as a buddhist state
tibet
governed as an autonomous region of china
tibet
where nationalist party fled at end of chinese civil war
taiwan
china still claims to have control over it
taiwan
democratic, self governed
taiwan
anti secession law against it
taiwan
US sells weapons here
taiwan
formerly an independent kingdom that china seized in 1950
tibet
identified as an autonomous region
tibet
chinese gvt suppressed the tibetan buddhist religion by destroying thousands of temples and massacring thousands of monks and nuns, dalai lama forced into exile in India
tibet
wants to gain independence from china as buddhist state
tibet
british colony for over 150 yrs
hong kong
1984- britan and china signed a treaty agreeing that hong kong would return to chinese rule in 1997
hong kong
one country, two systems
hong kong
free market capitalist financial system, freedoms
hong kong
religion may be practiced in a
state approved church
china falls short of
international standards for protection of religious freedoms
__ officially sanctioned religious organiztations
5 buddhist daoist islamist 3 self patriotic movement patriotic catholic
internet censorship
great firewall of china
construction has displaced 1.3 mil people from homes and forced them into resettlement villages
three gorges dam
xi jinping
reformed hukou system and one child policy
