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china Flashcards

1
Q

founder of confucism

A

Confucious

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2
Q

The way in which confucianism helped to organized Chinese society

A

Confucianism encouraged the government to give jobs to educated people rather than nobles)

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3
Q

Legalism

A

(think about how lawyers twist the truth for their benefit which is morally wrong)a philosophical belief that human beings are more inclined to do wrong than right because they are motivated entirely by self-interest and require strict laws to control their impulses.

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4
Q

Filial Piety

A

an attitude of respect for parents and ancestors in societies influenced by Confucian thought.

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5
Q

Acupuncture

A

ancient Chinese medical technique for relieving pain, curing disease, and improving general health.

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6
Q

Chi

A

With its roots in traditional Chinese culture, Chi (also spelled qi) refers to the vital life force or energy that runs through all living beings.

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7
Q

Tai Chi

A

Tai chi is an ancient martial art that involves graceful, flowing movements and may have some health benefits.

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8
Q

Symbol

A

The ubiquitous yin-yang

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9
Q

Founder of daoism

A

Lao Tzu

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10
Q

Feng Shui

A

ancient Chinese traditional practice which claims to use energy forces to harmonize individuals with their surrounding environment

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11
Q

Wu Wei

A

the practice of taking no action that is not in accord with the natural course of the universe.

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12
Q

Difference between Confucianism and Daoism

A

While Confucianism is concerned with creating an orderly society, Daoism is concerned with helping people live in harmony with nature and find internal peace.

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13
Q

What is the dynastic cycle? Be able to draw it / label it.

A

each dynasty of China rises to a political, cultural, and economic peak and then, because of moral corruption, declines, loses the Mandate of Heaven, and falls, only to be replaced by a new dynasty.

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14
Q

Know the order of the major events in ancient Chinese History.

A

(IE: The Great Leap Forward / The Cultural Revolution / Chinese Civil War)
(IE: The end of the dynasties, the rise of communism, the rise of the nationalist Party, the incident in Tiananmen Square)

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15
Q

Be prepared to answer questions about the life of PuYi and his relationship with Chinese history (Timeline of major life events)

A

Throughout his tumultuous life, Puyi was crowned and deposed three times. From emperor to gardener. In 1950, after the Chinese Communist Party came to power under Mao Zedong , he was imprisoned as a war criminal for betraying his country during the second world war.

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16
Q

Who was the last emperor of China?

A

Puyi

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17
Q

What events caused the Qing Dynasty to lose control of China?

A

Population growth meant there wasn’t enough farmland or jobs to support everyone. Poverty led many to rebel against the Qing. Foreign powers were also starting to involve themselves in trade with China, which led to wars and treaties that harmed the Qing.

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18
Q

What is the KMT? What is another name for the KMT?

A

Chinese Nationalist Party, is a major political party in the Republic of China, also referred to as the Guomindang.

19
Q

Know the role of Opium in the breaking-down of Chinese Society

A

People became addicted to opium, it was deemed illegal but people still found ways to obtain it. It destroyed the social and economic aspects of china

20
Q

Know the results of the Opium Wars

A

The Opium Wars greatly expanded Western influence in China. The wars also led to the weakening of the Chinese dynastic system and paved the way for uprisings such as the Taiping and Boxer rebellions.

21
Q

What are Spheres of Influence?

A

An area of one country under the control of another. In China, these areas guaranteed specific trading privileges to each imperialist nation within its respective sphere

22
Q

What were the causes of the opium wars?

A

The Opium Wars arose from China’s attempts to suppress the opium trade.

23
Q

Know the purpose and results of the Boxer Rebellion.

A

Purpose:to end the influence of other countries on china
results:To help their fellow countrymen and to protect their interests in China, an international force of 50k Britain, Japan, U.S., Russia, British India, France, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Germany put down the “rebellion.”

24
Q

What was the Rape of Nanking?

A

the Japanese butchered an estimated 150,000 male “war prisoners,” massacred an additional 50,000 male civilians, and raped at least 20,000 women and girls of all ages, many of whom were mutilated or killed in the process.

25
Q

What were the results of the Chinese Civil War (Ending in 1949)

A

Mao Zedong became the leader

26
Q

What was the Little Red Book, and what was its purpose?

A

Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung is a book of statements from speeches and writings by Mao Zedong, the former Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party,

27
Q

Know the points of the Great Leap Forward

A 
Mao’s plan to modernize the country
Factories built over the farms
Problems such as drought, famine, and natural disasters
Labor problems : farmers in factories
20-30 million people starve
“The great leap backword”
28
Q

Who were the Red Guards?

A

Children who have the little red book on them

29
Q

What were the accomplishments of Deng Xiaoping

A

Comes to power in the communist party after the death of Mao
He modernizes agriculture, expanded industry, increased science and technology, upgrade military
-he transitions from a communist to a capitalist economy after the Tiananmen Square incident.

30
Q

Which President opened a diplomatic relationship with China?

A

Nixon

31
Q

Who is the father of the Chinese Republic?

A

Sun Yat-sen

32
Q

Who defeated the Nationalist Party and brought Communism to China?

A

Mao Zedong

33
Q

Why was the act of blaming the Gang of Four vital to Chinese society?

A

Signaled a change in political direction from hard-line communism to economic advancement.

34
Q

What was the Long March? What were the results and why was it important?

A
  • Mao’s troops march to avoid capture by the nationalists
  • 100,000 communists marched 6000 miles under threat from KMT
  • Mao solidifies leadership in the march
35
Q

Which class is essential to revolution in Maoist philosophy?

A

peasents

36
Q

Who is the founder of the People’s Republic of China?

A

Mao Zedong

37
Q

How might the actions of the Red Guard conflict with traditional Chinese society? (Think about the role of elders)

A

Elders were once treated with respect but, because of the red guards being brainwashed, they mistreated them. In one case a a teacher was assaulted by here students because she did not have her little red book on her

38
Q

Explain how the economic reforms of the 1980’s and 1990’s helped to improve the lives of many Chinese people.

A

greatly decreased poverty while both average incomes and income inequality have increased,

39
Q

Understand the economic reforms of the late 80’s and early 90’s and how they were different from what China had previously (Why did china move from a Communist Eco to a more capitalist econ)

A

to become more like the west and leave the communist lifestyle in the past

40
Q

Who was “tank man” and why was he important? (See Video)

A

He stood in front of a line of tanks and he inspired others to protest. He was just an ordinary man, but because of the circumstances he was breave enough to stand in front of a line of tanks.

41
Q

Where is Tiananmen Square and why are the events that happened there so important(See Video)?

A

Beijing, he influenced other people the view that the people of countries can make a huge change in the country. He inspired others to fight facism and communism

42
Q

How does the modern government of China differ from its economy?

A

The present Chinese economy established new trading laws and created Special Economic Zones leading higher rise in foreign trade.

43
Q

How did the Chinese government respond to the protests in Tiananmen Square?

A

They started shooting at everybody, assaulting too.

44
Q

What is the approximate population of China?

A

1.4 billion

china (1 decks)

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