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South America > Chile > Flashcards

Chile Flashcards

1
Q

What is the prominent mountain range in Chile?

A

The Andes

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2
Q

What are the six regional DO’s of Chile?

A 
Atacama
Coquimbo
Aconcagua
Valle Central (Central Valley)
Sur (the Southern Regions)
Austral Region: A new area at the southernmost limit of grapegrowing in the country.
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3
Q

What does DO stand for?

A

Denominations of Origin

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4
Q

What are the northernmost regions of Atacama and Coquimbo like in climate?

A

Dry and desert-like

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5
Q

Grapes planted in Atacama and Coquimbo are most commonly used in production of what?

A

Pisco

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6
Q

Whereare are all of the “better” vineyards located?

A

The Central Valley south of Santiago

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7
Q

What influences make the Central Valley so prime for grapes?

A

Closer proximity to the Andes provides cooler nighttime temperatures and along the coast the Humbolt Current cools the vines.

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8
Q

Where are the Coastal Mountains?

A

Between the Central Valley and the Pacific.

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9
Q

How does Humbolt current keep the vines cool?

A

Pushes cool, sea air inland through the river valleys

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10
Q

Is there irrigation in Central Valley and Aconcagua?

A

yes.

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11
Q

What is common about the more southern regions and there climate?

A

The growing season is cooler and shorter and there is a little more rain.

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12
Q

In what year was the Chilean wine law established?

A

1995

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13
Q

What did Chilean wine law establish?

A

The 75% rule, where if a grape, DO or vintage is listed on the label then it must contain 75% of it.

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14
Q

What is the common % that producers go by for the rule?

A

85% to comply with EU standards for export.

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15
Q

Are hybrid grapes allowed?

A

No

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16
Q

What is the Min alc content for Chile?

A

11.5%

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17
Q

What do the Reserva and Reserva Especial stand for?

A

A req. 12% abv

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18
Q

What do the Reserva Privada and Gran Reserva labels refer to?

A

Min of 12.5% above and mandatory time in oak.

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19
Q

What are Chile’s main red and white grapes?

A 
Cabernet Sauvignon
Pais
Merlot
Carmenere
Syrah
Pinot and Cabernet Franc

Sauvignon Blanc
Sauvignon Vert
Chardonnay
Semillon

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20
Q

What are the Muscat of Alexandria planting mostly used for?

A

Pisco distillation

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21
Q

What % of Acerage in Chile is planted to red?

A

73%

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22
Q

What is the northernmost region in Chile?

A

Atacama

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23
Q

What is the climate like in Atacama

A

Desert-like and vines can only exist with irrigation.

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24
Q

What are the three sub-regions of Coquimbo?

A

Valle del Elqui
Valle del Limari
Valle del Choapa

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25
Q

What two sub-regions in Coquimbo are beginning to be known for their wines?

A

Valle del Elqui

Valle del Limari (acres of vineyards have dramatically increased since the 1990’s)

26
Q

What grape is garnering attention in the Elqui Valley?

A

Syrah - in the high, cool altitude vineyards.

27
Q

What are the characteristics of Limari subregion of Coquimbo?

A

It is more coastal, has limestone soils

28
Q

Where is the Valle del Choapa located?

A

In the south of the region of Coquimbo, where the Andes and the Coastal mountains converge.

29
Q

From where does the Acocongua DO get it’s name?

A

Aconcagua River

30
Q

Which direction does the Aconcagua river flow?

A

From east to west - into the Pacific.

31
Q

What is the predominant soil type in the Aconcagua DO?

A

Alluvial - Aconcagua runs along the river. Dominated by Cabernet and Merlot.

32
Q

What is the majority of the climate like in the Aconcagua?

A

Most of the valley is distressingly hot for viticulture.

33
Q

What is the one commune in Aconcagua that is a little cooler?

A

Panquehue - home to the winery Errázuriz, one of Chile’s most prominent estates and winemaking families, experiences a more moderate climate.

34
Q

What kind of wines are the Errazuriz wine estate known for?

A

Bordeaux blend called “Seña” in 2004 tasted ahead of both Lafite and Margaux in Berlin.

35
Q

What are the other DO’s in Aconcagua?

A

Casablanca

San Antonio

36
Q

Where are they located in relation to Aconcagua?

A

South and closer to the coast, therefore a little cooler?

37
Q

Since Casablanca and San Antonio are closet to the coast, what are they known for?

A

White! Casablanca Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay.

38
Q

What grape shows promise in San Antonio?

A

Pinot Noir

39
Q

What are the four sub-regions of San Antonio?

A

Leyda
Lo Abarca
Rosario
Malvilla

40
Q

What is Chile’s oldest and most established wine making region?

A

Central Valley DO

41
Q

From North to South what are the subregions of Central Valley DO?

A

Maipo Valley
Rapel Valley
Curicó
Maule Valley

42
Q

What is Chile’s most famous winemaking DO?

A

Maipo Valley - 50% in planted with Cabernet. Merlot, Carmenere and Chardonnay.

43
Q

Who is Chile’s largest producer?

A

Concha y Toro

44
Q

What are some of the other well-known producers in Maipo Valley?

A

Because Maipo id closer to Santiago. Santa Rita, and Cousiño Macul

45
Q

Why is Cabernet so successful in the Maipo?

A

Does well on the well-drained slopes of the Andes.

46
Q

What is a famous sub-region of Maipo that produces Cabernet?

A

Puente Alto

47
Q

What was the venture called between Cancha y Toro and Mouton-Rothschild?

A

Almaviva

48
Q

What took home 1st place in the ‘04 Berlin tasting?

A

Errázuriz’s “Viñedo Chadwick”

49
Q

The Rapel Valley is divided into two regions, what are they?

A

Chachapoal Valley

Colchagua Valley

50
Q

What kinds of wines is the Colchagua Valley known for?

A

Historically bulk wine production, but in the recent years producers have found luck in producing higher quality wines from eastern, higher alt vineyards with greater di-urnal shift.

51
Q

What kind of soils does Colchagua have?

A

Very fertile soils and in located south of Cachapoal in the more central part of the valley.

52
Q

What kind of climate does Colchagua have?

A

Warm

53
Q

What are the to sub-regions of Colchagua that are having success with premium wines?

A

San Fernando
Chimbarongo
Alpata

54
Q

What two famous wines are produced in Alpata, Colchaqua?

A

Casa Lapostolle’s “Clos Apalta” and Viña Montes “Alpha M,” two of Chile’s iconic Bordeaux-style blends. Viña Montes also produces “Purple Angel,” one of Chile’s highest-profile Carmenère varietal wines.

55
Q

Is Maule smaller or larger than the Maipo valley?

A

larger.

56
Q

What kind of wines are produced in the Maule Valley?

A

Cabernet just recently overtook Pais in production - mostly bulk wines.

57
Q

What kind of wines are produced in Curico?

A

Cabernet is dominate but chard and Sauvignon too.

58
Q

Why did Curico get recognition?

A

Lontué and Teno, achieved some international recognition when Miguel Torres set up Chilean operations here in the late 1970s.

59
Q

What was Carmenere confused with before they did testing?

A

Merlot

60
Q

What are the grapes of Malleco?

A

Pinot Noir and Chardonnay

61
Q

Name the four sub-regions of Central Valley DO.

A

Valle de Maipo DO
Valle de Rapel DO
Valle de Curico DO
Valle de Maule DO

62
Q

What is the river in Maipo Valley?

A

Maipo River.

South America (2 decks)

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