children part 1 (lect 1.2 & 1.3)

Question 1

Which condition indicates that you should assess the neonate for congenital anomalies?

a. 1 umbilical artery
b. 1 umbilical vein
c. 1 umbilical vein & 2 umbilical arteries
d. 2 umbilical arteries

Answer 1

a. 1 umbilical artery

Question 2

Normal weight for a full-term neonate

a. 4395-5155g
b. 2495-3998g
c. 1495-2385g
d. 5000g-5995g

Answer 2

b. 2495-3998g

Question 3

Where should you place the measuring tape when measuring head circumference?

Answer 3

Around neonate’s head, across the centre of his forehead and occiput

Question 4

At what age/stage will the child develop “lengthy sentences with increasing complexity”?

Answer 4

Pre-school, 2.5-5yrs

Question 5

Palmar grasp precedes Pincer grasp. T/F?

Answer 5

True

Question 6

How long does it take for breastfeeding to complete and how much per day?

Answer 6

1st 6 months complete!

120-150ml/kg/day

Question 7

Urinary output (volume) for infants and children?

Answer 7

infant: 350-550 ml/day
child: 500-1000 ml/day

Question 8

Vital signs of a neonate: HR and RR?

Answer 8

HR: 120-180 bpm
RR: 40-60

Question 9

What are the risk factors for visual problems?

Answer 9

• Low birth weight (<1500gm)
• Resus. / O2 needed at birth
• Maternal German measles/ toxoplasmosis infections during pregnancy

Question 10

Which of the following are also known as “fused fingers”?

a. Polydactyly
b. Syndactyly
c. Clubbed fingers

Answer 10

b. Syndactyly

Question 11

What enzyme catalyses breakdown of unconjugated bilirubin?

Answer 11

Glucuronyl transferase (liver enzyme)

Question 12

Cephalohematoma and polycythaemia both result in more RBCs breakdown. T/F?

Answer 12

True

Question 13

What happens to the liver enzymes in breast milk jaundice?

Answer 13

Progesterone from the milk decreases activity of liver enzymes in 1st few days of breastfeeding

Question 14

Side effects of double blue phototherapy

Answer 14

• Increase insensible water loss; temp. instability
• Rashes
• Diarrhoea
• Retinal damage

Question 15

Management of neonatal jaundice

Answer 15

• NBM if baby needs exchange transfusion
• Increase feeds by at least 10%
• Continue breastfeeding
• Importance of follow up esp. for babies discharged before age 48 hrs
• Give thorough breastfeeding advice
• Teach the signs of dehydration

Question 16

Signs & symptoms of an unwell baby

Answer 16

• Med. cause (Infection): URTI, GE, UTI, conjunctivitis, otitis media, meningitis
• Surg cause: Head injury, trauma, intussusception, IO, pyloric stenosis, hernia
• Any non-accidental injury
• Parental anxiety and inability to cope

Question 17

Desc craniosynostosis

Answer 17

premature fusing of the sutures,
brain will not be able to expand,
growth affected