Childhood vaccinations Flashcards
What vaccinations are given at 8 weeks?
- Diptheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, HiB + Hep B
- Meningococcus B
- Rotavirus
What vaccinations are given at 12 weeks?
- Depitheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, HiB + Hep B
- Pneumococcal
- Rotavirus
What vaccinations are given at 16 weeks?
- Deptheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, HiB + Hep B
- Meningococcus B
What vaccinations are given at 1 year
- HiB + Meningococcus C
- Pneumococcal
- Measles, mumps + rubella
- Meningococcus B
What vaccinations are given at 3 years 4 months?
- Diptheria, tetanus, pertussis + polio
- Measles, mumps + rubella
What vaccinations are given during secondary school?
(12-13yrs) –> HPV 6, 11, 16 + 18
(14yrs) –> Tetanus, diphtheria + polio and Men ACWY
When are dipthetria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, HiB + Hep B vaccines given?
8 week 12 weeks 16 weeks 3yrs + 4 months (only Dip/Tet/Pol/Per) 14 years (only Dip/Tet/Pol)
When are meningococcal vaccines given?
8 weeks (MenB) 16 weeks (Men B) 1 year (MenB + MenC) 14 years (MEN ACWY)
When are MMR vaccines given?
1 year
3 years 4 months
When are rotavirus vaccines given?
8 weeks
12 weeks
What conditions qualify someone for the annual flu vaccine?
- Asplenia (sickle cell disease, coeliacs, etc)
- Chronic resp condition (asthma, chronic pulmonary disease + heart failure)
- Neuro conditions (Parkinson’s, MND, LD, etc)
- Diabetes
- Chronic kidney disease
- Chronic liver conditions
- Immunosuppression
- Complement disorders
What is the only difference between the 2019 and 2020 vaccine schedules?
2019: first pneumococcal vaccine given at 8 weeks
2020: first pneumococcal vaccine given at 12 weeks
Which vaccines are live?
Live vaccines on the shedule:
- Live flu vaccines (can use attenuated forms)
- Measles, mumps + rubella
- Rotavirus
Live vaccines that are only for specific indications:
- Shingles (old person one)
- BCG
- Oral typhoid
- Varicella
- Yellow fever
Who shouldn’t receive live vaccines?
Immunosuppression:
- Leukaemia/lymphoma
- HIV/AIDs
- Myeloproliferative disorders
- Immunodeficiency (SCID/Wiskott-Aldrich, DiGeorge syndrome, etc)
- Received allogenic stem cells in past 24 months
- Received autologous stem cell transplant in past 24 months
What modifications should be made to the schedule for premature babies?
- They should be given the vaccines in the correct chronological order
- If born very prematurely, they should be monitored for 24-48 hours post administration (if in hospital) in case of apnoea, bradycardia or desaturations
Which vaccines contain egg?
- Live influenza
- MMR
- Rabies
- Yellow fever
[As it turns out, both the MMR and influenza vaccines are safe in egg-allergic individuals due to the miniscule about of eff in them]
What are some contraindications for vaccination?
- Previous anaphylaxis
- Primary or Acquired immunodeficiency [LIVE VACCINES]
- Immunosuppression therapy
- Contact with individuals with immunodeficiency or current/recent immunosuppression
Temporary deferral
- Acutely unwell (>38.5) = defer until well
- Immunoglobulin therapy
What are some side effects of vaccines (AEFI)?
Local = pain, swelling + redness at injection site Systemic = fever, malaise, headache, irritability, myalgia, loss of appetite + vomitting
Which vaccines are:
- Live?
- Inactivated?
- Conjugate?
- Recombinant?
Live = rotavirus, MMR, nasal flu + BCG Inactivated = whole killed (polio) + toxoid vaccines (diptheria, tetanus + pertussis) Conjugate = Hib, MenC, PCV + MenACWY Recombinant = Hep B, HPV + Men B
What are some reasons that children are not vaccinated?
- Children of large families
- Children with lone/single parents
- Looked after children
- Children in mobile families
- Migrant/asylum seeking children
- Children with disabling/chronic conditions
- Children in ethnic minority groups
AND - Vaccine refusal (NOT the most common though)
