Childhood of Rizal Flashcards
_ is a poem written by Rizal which expresses a love for one’s native language and the importance of freedom.
Sa Aking Mga Kabata
In an episode of “_,” historian _ revealed that there is no original
manuscript for the poem, and it was only published after Rizal died.
The Howie Severino Podcast;
Ambeth Ocampo
The letter “K” was not widely used in when Rizal was a child; words were spelled with a “” rather than a “k.” The poem is full of “k,” two of which are for “kalayaan.”
1869;
c
The term “kalayaan,” as we know it today, was not widely used in the _. In fact, Rizal first encountered the word in the _ when he was 21 years old.
19th century;
summer of 1882
What dish did Rizal invent when he accidentally spilled hot chocolate on his plate of rice and dried fish?
Champorado
It is said that while playing by the riverbank, one of Rizal’s _ fell into the water and was carried away by the current. Having failed to retrieve it, and with one _ now rendered useless, Rizal decided to throw the other _ so that someone downstream would find the pair and have a complete set.
slipper
Jose Protacio Rizal was born on _, in _.
June 19, 1861;
Calamba, Laguna
His birth was not an easy one, as his mother struggled to deliver him due to _.
the size of his head
_ days after his birth, Jose Protacio Rizal was baptized at a Catholic Church by _.
Three;
Father Rufino Collantes
He was named after two saints:
Saint _, after his mother’s devotion to him; and
Saint _, whose feast day is June 19, the same day as Rizal’s birth.
Saint Joseph;
Saint Gervacio Protacio
During the baptism ceremony, Father Rufino Collantes noticed that Rizal’s head was unusually large for a baby. The priest was astonished and advised Rizal’s family to take good care of him, as he believed that the large head was _ and that Rizal would _.
a sign of intelligence;
one day become a great man
Jose Rizal’s full name is:
Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda
Name of Rizal:
_ were first two given names which were taken from two different saints
Jose Protacio
Name of Rizal:
The surname _ comes from Rizal’s Chinese ancestor.
Mercado
_ is Rizal’s Chinese ancestor where he inherited the surname.
Domingo Lamco
In order to avoid anti-Chinese sentiment from the Spanish authorities, Lam-co changed his family’s surname to _ (which means “market”), which also reflected their merchant roots.
Mercado;
market
Name of Rizal:
The surname _ is the surname adapted by the Mercados during the 1840s because of the Claveria decree.
Rizal
During the 1840s, _ mandated that Filipinos adopt surnames to facilitate census work and tax collection.
Governor-General Narciso Claveria
For Rizal’s surname, each province was given a list from which each family could choose a new surname from this book: _ or _ in English.
“Catálogo alfabético de apellidos”
“Alphabetical Catalogue of Surnames”
The Mercados of Calamba chose the unlisted name Rizal. The family’s original choice was , which means “” or “_,” reflecting their
livelihood. However, this was denied for unknown reasons.
Ricial;
the green of young growth;
green fields
Even though they picked Rizal, they continued to use Mercado. This is because the new surname (Rizal) caused confusion in the commercial affairs of the family. Don Francisco thus settled on the combination name ‘_’ as a compromise (though he often just used his more known surname ‘Mercado’).
Rizal Mercado
Name of Rizal:
The surname _ comes from Rizal’s mother’s old family name
Alonso
Name of Rizal:
The surname _was the adapted surname of the Alonsos of Binan due to the Claveria Decree. Just like the Mercados, they continued to use the surname
Alonso.
Realonda
Rizal’s nickname is _.
Pepe
According to the book In Excelsis, writer Felice Prudente Santa Maria explains that Rizal got the nickname “Pepe” because the letters “_” were always used after the name of Saint Joseph.
P.P.
In Latin, “P.P.” stands for “,” which means “.”
pater putativus;
putative father
Siblings of Rizal:
First. (1850 - 1913). She’s the oldest of the Rizal children. Her nickname is Neneng. She married Manuel T. Hidalgo of Tanawan, Batangas and had five children together.
Saturnina
Siblings of Rizal:
Second. (1851 - 1930) - He was the older (also only) brother and confidant of Jose Rizal. He is also known as “Lolo Ciano”. After his younger brother’s execution, he joined the Philippine Revolution and became a combat general. After the Revolution, he retired to his farm in Los Baños, where he lived as a gentleman farmer and died an old bachelor aged 79. He had two children by his mistress (Severina Decena) – a boy and a girl.
Paciano
Siblings of Rizal:
Third. (1852 - 1939). She was the one who found the unmarked grave of her brother in the abandoned Old Paco Cemetary. Her pet name is Sisa. She married Antonio Lopez (nephew of Father Leoncio Lopez), a school teacher and musician from Morong.
Narcisa
Siblings of Rizal:
Fourth. (1855 - 1887). She married Silvestre Ubaldo, a telegraph operator from Manila and together they had three children. Her pet name is Ypia. She died in 1887 from childbirth when she was only 32 years old.
Olimpia
Siblings of Rizal:
Fifth. (1859 - 1945). She married Mariano Herbosa of Calamba, who was a nephew of Father Casanas. Together, they had five children. In 1889, Mariano died due to an epidemic but was denied a Christian burial. This was due to the fact that he was the brother in law of Jose Rizal.
Lucia
Siblings of Rizal:
Sixth. (1859 - 1945). She married Daniel Faustino Cruz of Biñan, Laguna and together they had 5 children. Her nickname is Biang. Mauricio Cruz, one of _s children became a student of Jose Rizal in Dapitan and was known to be one of his uncle’s favorites.
Maria
Siblings of Rizal:
Eighth. (1862 - 1865). _did not live very long as she died of sickness at the age of 3. Her pet name is Concha. Her death was Rizal’s first sorrow in life.
Conception
Siblings of Rizal:
Ninth. (1865 - 1945) - She was unmarried and lived together with her younger sister Trinidad until death. Her pet name is Panggo. Josefa was said to have suffered from epilepsy
Josefa
Siblings of Rizal:
Tenth. (1868 - 1951) - She remained unmarried and lived together with her sister Josefa. Her pet name is Trining. _ was the one who received an alcohol lamp from brother Jose, in which he secretly hid the “Last Farewell” better known as “Mi Ultimo Adios,” a poem Rizal wrote on the eve of his death in 1896. Trinidad died in 1951, outliving all her siblings.
Trinidad
Siblings of Rizal:
Eleventh. _ (1870 - 1929) - She was the youngest of the Rizal siblings. Her pet name is Choleng. She married Pantaleon Quintero of Calamba and together they had 5 children
Soledad
The father of Rizal, named _ was born on _, in _.
Francisco Mercado Rizal;
May 11, 1818
Biñan, Laguna
Rizal’s father:
He studied and _ at the College of San Jose in Manila. After losing both of his parents, Francisco moved to _ to work in a hacienda owned by a Dominican friar.
Latin and philosphy;
philosophy;
Calamba
Rizal’s father:
In Calamba, Francisco (also known as Don Francisco or Tiniente Kiko) was well respected. He was elected by the citizens of Calamba to be their “_,” or _.
cabeza de barangay;
head of the town
Rizal’s father:
He was a man of few words but great actions, with a strong body and a sharp mind. His son, Jose Rizal, affectionately called him “_” in his student memoirs.
a model of fathers
Rizal’s father:
Jose Rizal deeply admired and loved his father, as evidenced by the art he created in his honor. In _, Jose made _. _, he carved _.
1881, a clay bust of Don Kiko;
Six years later, a life size wood sculpture of him
Rizal’s father: In honor of his father, Jose even named his premature son (with Josephine Bracken) ‘_,’ according to some sources. Before his death, Jose Rizal even wrote letters to his brother and father expressing his love and gratitude to the latter.
Francisco
Rizal’s father:
Through Don Kiko’s independence, determination, and hard work, he instilled in his son a free spirit that would inspire Jose Rizal to become who he was.²⁷ Don Francisco’s life and legacy are a testament to the importance of hard work, perseverance, and love for family and community.
Okay.
The mother of Rizal, named _ was born on _, in _.
Teodora Alonso Realonda y Quintos;
November 8, 1826,
Manila
Rizal’s mother:
She came from a long line of _, the ruling and educated upper class in the towns during the Spanish occupation.
principalia
The ex-datus cooperated with the Spanish in subjugating their former subjects and, in turn, were rewarded with government positions such as _ and _.
gobernadorcillos (mayor)
cabezas de barangay (town chief)
The principalia status was hereditary, including the government positions they held. Her father and grandfather served as _, the ighest position any Filipino could hold in government.
gobernadorcillos
Her grandfather, _, served as Biñan’s gobernadorcillo in 1790 and 1802, and her father, _, also held the
position in 1844.
Cipriano Alonso;
Lorenzo Alberto Alonso
Aside from holding public office, the principalia class had privileges such as being _ and _.
exempt from paying taxes;
leasing vast tracts of farmlands
Rizal’s mother: Teodora Alonso Realonda y Quintos received a fine education at the prestigious _, where she displayed a special inclination toward _ and _. Her education and refined culture set her apart from most women of her time.
Colegio de Santa Rosa;
literature and music
Rizal’s mother: As a mother, she taught her children how to read, write, and pray at a very young age. She also taught them values such as discipline, justice, and compassion, and most importantly, to _.
treat Indios as equals
Rizal’s mother: Teodora also acted as Rizal’s reading teacher and critic, and together they would read books in their home library. Her love for literature and the arts would be passed on to her children, who would become renowned writers and artists in their own right.
Teodora
Rizal’s mother: Shortly before her death, the government offered her a life pension after declaring Jose Rizal as the national hero. She ourteously _ it, saying, “My family has never been patriotic for money. If the government has plenty of funds and does not know what to do with them, better reduce the taxes.”
rejected
Rizal’s mother: Teodora’s legacy is a testament to the power of a mother’s love and the limitless potential of a human being. She was not just a mother, but a force of nature that shaped the destiny of her children and, in turn, the destiny of her nation. Her unwavering commitment to education and culture ignited a spark in her children that would eventually lead to the birth of Philippine independence.
Okay
Rizal’s uncle:
_, an accomplished artist, nurtured in Rizal an appreciation for nature’s beauty and taught him various art forms such as _, _, and _.
Uncle Jose;
painting, sketching, and sculpture
Rizal’s uncle:
_, a learned scholar, instilled in Rizal a love for education, emphasizing
its importance and the value of hard work. _ encouraged Rizal to think critically, observe his surroundings attentively, and deepen his curiosity and knowledge. Under
his guidance, Rizal developed a stronger love for _.
Uncle Gregorio;
reading
Rizal’s uncle:
_, concerned about Rizal’s physical well-being, taught him various athletic skills, including _, _, _, and other martial arts.⁴
Uncle Manuel;
swimming, fencing, wrestling
Early Education:
As Rizal grew older, his parents acquired private tutors to prepare him for his formal education. One of his tutors was _, a former classmate of Rizal’s father, who lived with the Rizal family to teach the boy _ and _.
Leon Monroy;
Spanish, Latin
Early Education:
Following Monroy’s death, Rizal’s father sent him to study Spanish and Latin in _. Rizal and his brother lived with their relatives during this time, and _ acted as a father figure during his school days in Binan.
Binan;
Paciano
Early Education:
His teacher in Binan was Maestro _, who Rizal described as a tall, thin man with a long neck and a sharp nose. who knew Latin and Spanish grammar by heart.
Justiniano Aquino Cruz
Early Education:
The teacher’s son, _, who was the worst boy in the class, made fun of him, and they started to fight. _ had the advantage in height, but since Rizal had an uncle who taught him martial arts, he defeated him, twisting him back. Rizal let him go, leaving him considerably mortified.
Pedro;
Early Education:
After class, a youngster called _ challenged him to a fist fist. _ put up an arm; Rizal lost and almost broke his head against the sidewalk of a house.
Andres Salandanan
Bullying:
“I have no desire to spend my time counting the palo (beating with a stick) I received or picturing my emotions when I suffered my first _ (being struck on the hand with a stick as a form of punishment). Some envied me and others pitied me. Tales were told against me, sometimes with reason, and sometimes without, and always it cost me three or six _ (lashes with a whip).
palmetazos;
disciplinas
Exposure to Injustice:
After Rizal’s return to Calamba, his parents decided that he should stay there and later go to Manila. During this time, his uncle, _, also returned from Europe.
Don Jose Alberto
Exposure to Injustice:
_, Rizal’s mother, was suddenly arrested on a malicious charge that she and her brother, , tried to poison _.
Teodora Alonso;
Jose Alberto;
Jose Alberto’s wife
Exposure to Injustice:
As a punishment for the malicious charge, Teodora was forced to walk _ km from _ to _ and forbidden from
using any kind of vehicle.
50;
Calamba, Santa Cruz
Exposure to Injustice:
Attorneys _ and _, Manila’s leading lawyers, defended my mother and they finally succeeded in having her acquitted. They proved her innocence to her judges, her accusers and her hosts of enemies. But after how much delay?—After _
Francisco de Marcaida,
Manuel Masigan
2 ½ years
Exposure to Injustice:
The injustice Teodora suffered fired up the beacons of destiny in her youngest son, Jose Rizal, whose silent vow of nationalism was unbreakable and inexorable in its forward march towards the final conclusion of death and heroism.
Okay.
