Childhood infectious diseases

Question 1

How are measles, mumps and rubella transmitted?

Answer 1

• through air droplets

Question 2

How long is the incubation days in measles?

Answer 2

• 10 to 18 days.

Question 3

What is the presentation of Measles?

Answer 3

• Fever
• Conjunctivitis
• Coryza
• Diarrhoea
• Kopiks spots
• Followed by generalized maculopapular rash, face/neck->trunk->limbs

Question 4

What are the complications of Measles?

Answer 4

• bacterial pneumonia
• otitis media
• cular herpes simplex
• encephalitis: seizures, fever, irritability headache

Question 5

How is measles diagnosed?

Answer 5

• IgM
• antigen in saliva/urine.

Question 6

what is the presentation of mumps? Complications?

Answer 6

• fever, myalgia, headache, lymphadenopathy of parotid then submandibular glands.
• meningoencephalitis, epididymo-orchitis

hearing loss, pancreatitis

Question 7

What is the presentation of rubella?

Answer 7

• fever conjunctivitis, rhinorrhoea, rash, lymphadenopathy: occipital, cervical, post-auricular

can have 90% risk of congenital malformation in 1st-trimester and hearing loss/retinopathy in the 2nd trimester