Childhood Amnesia - HAYES Flashcards
Offset age for childhood amnesia
3
Young infants are MORE/LESS sensitive to encoding specificity than older infants
MORE
Factors that affect infant’s memories (3)
o Forgetting over time
o Length of Exposure
o Encoding Specificity
Differences between infant and child memory are quantitative/qualitative
quantitative/continuous
False theories (3)
o Infants don’t form long-term memories
o Forgetting
o Repression
Theory- Infants don’t form long-term memories
Perris 1990
False bc memories that support recognition seem to endure over long periods
Theory- forgetting
False bc People of all different ages can’t remember before 3 y/o
Theory- repression
Yucky Freud
False bc many memories recalled before that age pleasant
Current Theories (2)
o Autobiographical memories and development of self concept (howe and courage) mirror mark test (testing self concept or understanding of mirrors?)
o Representation formats + encoding specificity (Hayne) describe shrinking machine event
Theory- Autobiographical memories and development of self concept
(howe and courage)
mirror mark test (problem: testing self-concept or understanding of mirrors?)
Theory- Representation formats + encoding specificity
(Hayne)
describe shrinking machine event
Could remember things w photo/reenactment but not verbally
Haye’s The phenomenon of childhood amnesia can be explained in terms of (2)
o Encoding specificity
o Language development
Problems w birth of a sibling (4)
Loftus (1993)
o Imperfect scoring method- relied on mothers to verify
o Demand effects
o Post-event rehearsal- photos, parents telling you stories
o Guessing
Simcock Hayne (2003) Reading
o Reported that language development plays an important determining role in childhood amnesia
o because early childhood memories are often correlated to a period of rapid language development and acquisition
o preverbal = existing before the development of speech
o earliest memories occur when they are 3 years old
