Childhood

Question 1

Jane Pilcher

Answer 1

Childhood = seperateness

Question 2

Stephen Wagg

Answer 2

Childhood is socially constructed and differs across cultures

Question 3

Samantha Punch

Answer 3

Children in rural areas expected to start work at 5 years of age without hesitation

Question 4

Raymond Firth

Answer 4

Child obediance has less value in Western Pacific and more indpendence given to child

Question 5

Globalisation of Childhood

Answer 5

Child Protection Laws. Child labouring laws. Policies put in place to suit the nuclear family type. Policies put in place to control members of society. Not necessarily the correct way to control childhood –> another way childhood is constructed

Question 6

Aries- past and childhood

Answer 6

childhood non-existant in middle ages, “Mini Adults”. Used paintings as a source of info

Question 7

Edward Shorter

Answer 7

High death rates = neglect towards infants = called “its”

Question 8

Aries - modern society and childhood

Answer 8

Industrialisation meant different requirements by society- educated workforce. Better standards of living = Lower IMR. Increased costs = lower family sizes

Question 9

Outline 3 reasons for the changes in the positioning of Childhood

Answer 9

1. Child Protection Laws - introduction to social services. The welfare of children = of raised importance
2. Child Labour Restrictions- children now economically dependent on parents. Less independence
3. Compulsory Education- economically dependent

Question 10

Outline 3 more reasons for the changes in the positioning of Childhood

Answer 10

1. Declining Family sizes & Reduced IMR- greater financial and emotional investment in children. child-centeredness
2. Medical Development - fragile= need protection
3. Laws and Policies specifically for Children - Ageism increase. ie smoking laws, alcohol laws.

Question 11

Industrialisation

Answer 11

Industrialisation meant different requirements by society- educated workforce. Better standards of living = Lower IMR. Increased costs = lower family sizes

Question 12

How does Postman argue childhood is disappearing

Answer 12

Childhood disappearing because…

1. Less supervision of activities
2. Children’s clothing now similar to adults
3. Children committing adult crimes ie knife crime

Question 13

Stat on children and knife crime?

Answer 13

41% of Knife Crime in London completed from 15-19-year-olds

Question 14

Why is childhood disappearing?

Answer 14

The commercialisation of television culture