Childhood

Question 1

Benedict’s cross cultural differences in childhood

Answer 1

Children take responsibility and early age, often working in the home or in their community from the age of five years old
Less value was placed on children showing obedience to adult authority

Question 2

Social construction of childhood

Answer 2

Idea of childhood is not fixed but differs between different times, places and societies

Question 3

14th and 15th century experience of childhood

Answer 3

-same attire as - mini adults
- The idea of childhood didn’t exist. Children were not seen as having a different nature or needs from adults

Question 4

20th and 21st century experience of childhood

Answer 4

Childhood is a clear and the state life stage with a separate status from adults
Laws introduced to attend school by the government and programs of teaching

Question 5

Childhood is improving

Answer 5

Safeguarding children, education, NHS, child centred society

Question 6

Childhood is deteriorating

Answer 6

Helicopter parents, age patriarchy, acting down, neglecting and abuse, control over children’s time/ space

Question 7

Lee -the changing nature of childhood

Answer 7

Argues that in the 21st century, child and adult cultures are blurringtogether

Question 8

Reasons for the changing position of children

Answer 8

The introduction of compulsory schooling, children’s rights, laws and policies, laws restricting child labour

Question 9

Safeguarding children

Answer 9

Schools have legal responsibility to take child protection issues very seriously, such as child sexual exploitation, forced marriage + trafficking

Question 10

Helicopter parents

Answer 10

Hovering above their children at all times, particularly at school, monitoring their grades hobby sports and even their friendships. This approach is also called tiger parenting

Question 11

Childhood is now a_____?

Answer 11

Golden age

Question 12

Postman - the disappearance of childhood

Answer 12

He suggests that traditionally knowledge about sex, money, violence illness, death and other adult matters were kept from children. childhood was associated with innocence and ignorance

Question 13

Postman - CAUSE of disappearance of childhood

Answer 13

New forms of communication (television, Internet, mobile phones) are blurring the distinction between adulthood and childhood and destroying the traditional information hierarchy

Question 14

Sue Palmer - toxic childhood

Answer 14

Argues rapid technological and cultural changes have damaged children’s physical, emotional intellectual development

Question 15

Examples of a toxic childhood

Answer 15

Junk food, computer games, parents working long hours, stress of exams and media pressure to grow up fast

Question 16

Jenks view of changing childhood

Answer 16

Childhood is a social construction and prepares children to be productive adults. Children need to be nurtured, protected and controlled, especially by child centred family and the education system which imposes discipline and conformity in children