Child speech/language

Question 1

How is /r/ produced?

Answer 1

*variable tongue position
tongue on alveolar ridge “curled back”
lips apart
air flows around the tongue
voice is on

Question 2

How is /s/ produced?

Answer 2

Tongue tip touching alveolar ridge or lower front teeth
teeth together
lips apart w/ corners pulled out like smile
air flows over tongue and through the teeth
voice off

Question 3

How is /z/ produced?

Answer 3

Tongue tip touching alveolar ridge or bottom front teeth
teeth together
Lips apart w/ corners pulled out like smils
Air flows over the tongue and through the teeth
Voice on

Question 4

What age is the prelocutionary stage?

Answer 4

birth-9 months

Question 5

What age is the illocutionary stage?

Answer 5

9-11 months

Question 6

What age is the locutionary stage?

Answer 6

12-18 months

Question 7

What happens in the perlocutionary stage?

Answer 7

Infants begin to gaze and reach for objects
sit up and engage w/ objects
babble
intention to communicate nonverball w/ gaze and gestures

Question 8

What happens in the illocutionary stage?

Answer 8

Intentional communication
Eye contact alternating gaze between listener and object
Meaning not context dependent
Persistant in attempts to communicate
ceasing behavior when goal is achieved
expressing pleasure or displeasure

Question 9

What happens in the locutionary stage?

Answer 9

Solicits others attention vocally
Requests objects w/ pointing, vocalizing, and word approximations
Comments on objects and actions by directing listeners attention
answers simple wh qs with a vocal response
acknoleges speech of others by giving eye contact, vocally responding, or repeating a word said

Question 10

What skills would you target for a 4-year old client who presents in the illocutionary stage of development?

Answer 10

I would target word approximations during requests since the child is most likely requesting but does not yet vocalize consistently. I would also target yes/no questions so that responses can be nonverbal but verbal responses can still be modeled.

Question 11

What is phonological awareness?

Answer 11

The ability to reflect on and manipulate the structure of an utterance as distant from its meaning

Question 12

How is PA related to literact development?

Answer 12

Pa is a precursor to reading and word recognition.

Question 13

What are some preschool activities that suppost PA and preliteracy skills?

Answer 13

Sound hunt “find something that starts with /k/”
Letter sound match - match letter cards to pictures
Sort based on sound placement

Question 14

What are some school age activities that support PA and literacy skills?

Answer 14

count sounds or syllables w/ objects
read a rhyme book and have them chime in w/ the rhyme
find the word that doesnt belong
beginning, middle, end of word identification