Child Language Disorders Flashcards
What is the formula for MLU?
Number of morphemes over number of utterances
What score is the cutoff for being deemed disordered on a SNRT with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15?
77
What score is the cutoff for being deemed disordered on a SNRT with a mean of 10 and a standard deviation of 3?
5.5
What are the 3 major areas of pragmatic language assessment?
- Communicative Intentions and Engagement; 2. Nonverbal Rules of Conversation; 3. Verbal Rules of Conversation
What does Communicative Intentions and Engagement assess?
Shared attention to an object, topic, or person; initiating verbal exchanges and responding to others
What purposes of language are assessed in Communicative Intentions?
Engaging others, greeting, informing, demanding, asking/answering questions, proposing ideas
What nonverbal skills are assessed in Nonverbal Rules of Conversation?
Appropriate eye contact, maintaining appropriate conversational distance
What nonverbal behaviors should match verbal or emotional content?
Body language, posture, gestures, and facial expressions
How do Nonverbal Rules vary across cultures?
Eye contact, personal space, gestures, and facial expressions differ across cultures.
Why is understanding differing nonverbal rules across cultures important as a future clinician?
Understanding the differences helps to avoid misinterpreting behaviors as deficits.
What conversational skills are assessed in Verbal Rules of Conversation?
Sharing speaker and listener roles; introducing and maintaining topics for several turns; repairing misunderstandings and politely interrupting
How is language adapted to context in Verbal Rules of Conversation?
Vocabulary selection, tone of voice, speech rhythms, and grammar must match context.
What frameworks are used for organizing conversation for Verbal Rules of Conversation?
Scripts or story grammar to relate events; narratives with a flexible yet organized sequence
What are three characteristics of children with pragmatic language difficulties?
- Difficulty with communicative intentions and engagement; 2. Challenges following nonverbal rules of conversation; 3. Difficulty adhering to verbal rules of conversation
What is AAC?
Augmentative and Alternative Communication
What is Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC)?
A set of tools and strategies that support or replace spoken or written communication.
What are unaided AAC systems?
Communication methods that do not require external tools, such as gestures or sign language
What are aided AAC systems?
Communication methods that use tools, such as communication boards or tablets.
What factors should be considered when selecting an AAC system for an individual?
The individual’s skill level, their communication needs and goals, contexts where the AAC system will be used.
What are low (light) tech AAC systems?
Non-powered systems, such as communication boards, visual schedules, PECS
What are mid-tech AAC systems?
Battery-powered systems with limited features and lexicons.
What are high-tech AAC systems?
Powered, dynamic systems with speech generation.
What is PECS?
A communication system that teaches individuals to use pictures to request, answer questions, and comment.
What is the purpose of PECS?
To teach individuals how to initiate communication and use graphic images/symbols.
What is Phase 1 of PECS?
How to communicate (teaching the nature of communication).
What is Phase 2 of PECS?
Distance and persistence (generalizing the new skill by using picture exchanges across different people, places, and distances).
What is Phase 3 of PECS?
Picture discrimination (discriminating between two or more pictures to request specific items).
What is Phase 4 of PECS?
Sentence structure (constructing sentences with a sentence strip).
What is Phase 5 of PECS?
Responsive requesting (learning to use PECS to answer questions).
What is Phase 6 of PECS?
Commenting (learning to comment in response to questions).
What are the four components of a measurable goal?
Learner performance, criteria, quality, and conditions.
Identify the missing component in this goal: By 12/14/2024, PG will answer grade-level comprehension questions independently in a group setting.
Criteria (e.g., ‘in 8 out of 10 trials across 3 sessions’)
Identify the missing component in this goal: By 12/14/2024, PG will read with 80% accuracy across 5 therapy sessions with minimal support in a group setting.
Learner performance (what will PG read?)
Identify the missing component in this goal: By 12/14/2024, LT will define grade-level vocabulary words with 80% accuracy across 3 sessions in a 1:1 setting.
Quality (will LT do this independently, with minimal support, with prompts?)
Identify the missing component in this goal: By 12/14/24, GH, with minimal support, will use sentences that include a main idea and at least one supporting detail in 8 out of 10 opportunities across 3 sessions.
Condition (where will GH be able to do this?)
