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child health > child health > Flashcards

child health Flashcards

1
Q

what is bronchiolitis?

A

a common chest infection mainly affecting infants 1-12mths

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2
Q

what is the management of a child who presents to their GP w/ bronchiolitis?

A

admit urgently for O2 and supportive care

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3
Q

is meningitis is suspected how should the child be managed?

A

give IM benzylpenicillin and send to hosp

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4
Q

how does scarlet fever present?

A

a course red rash, sore throat, headache and fever

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5
Q

how is scarlet fever treated?

A

usually 10 days of phenoxymethylpenicillin

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6
Q

when is scarlet fever no longer contagious?

A

24 hrs after AB therapy has been established

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7
Q

what is chicken pox caused by?

A

varicella zoster virus

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8
Q

when is chicken pox contagious?

A

from 1-2 days before the rash until the rash has crusted over

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9
Q

what is cystic fibrosis?

A

a progressive, genetic disease that causes persistent lung infections and limits the ability to breathe over time

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10
Q

what is the inheritance of CF?

A

autosomal recessive

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11
Q

which vitamins are ppl w/ CF deficient in and why?

A

A, D, E, and K

these are fat soluble vitamins

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12
Q

what is a hydrocele and how is it diagnosed?

A

a collection of fluid around the testicle

diagnosed by testicular US

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13
Q

how are hydroceles in infants caused?

A

due to a patent ductus vaginalis

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14
Q

how are hydroceles treated?

A

they typically spontaneously resolve but may require surgery if the persist >2yo

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15
Q

how does hand foot and mouth usually present?

A

blisters on the hands and feet and ulcerations on the tongue w/ fever and usually presents in the context of another illness (usually the common cold)

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16
Q

how is hand foot and mouth managed?

A

supportive treatment, it is usually self limiting

17
Q

how does croup present?

A

as a barking cough

18
Q

how does measles present?

A

erythematous, maculopapular blanching rash all over the body preceded by fever, cough, runny nose or conjunctivitis

19
Q

what is the mode of inheritance of trisomy 21?

A

meiotic non-disjunction

20
Q

how is a patent ductus arteriosis closed?

A

prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors (NSAIDs)

21
Q

why do pts need to be admitted to hosp. for 6 hrs following an anaphylactic reaction even if obs are normal?

A

because it can happen as a bi phasic reaction occurring 4-6hrs after the initial reaction

22
Q

if a baby has an abnormal hearing test at birth what is done?

A

auditory brainstem response test

23
Q

what is the new born heel prick finding indicate of CF?

A

raised immunoreactive trypsinogen

24
Q

what is the next line investigation for CF if a heel prick shows raised immunoractive trypsinogen?

A

sweat test

25
Q

what is the likely diagnosis of a cyanotic congenital heart disease presenting w/in first few days of life?

A

transposition of the great arteries

26
Q

what is the likely diagnosis of a cyanotic congenital heart disease presenting at 1-2 months of age?

A

tetralogy of fallot

27
Q

what is the characteristic murmur heard in patent ductus arteriosus?

A

continuous machinery murmur heard loudest under the left clavicle / left sternal edge

28
Q

what is the pulse like in patent ductus arteriosus?

A

large volume bounding collapsing pulse

29
Q

what is the management of patent ductus arteriosus?

A

indomethacin given to the neonate if the echo shows PDA 1 wk after delivery

30
Q

ventricular septal defect increases the risk of what?

A

endocarditis

31
Q

what is the most common congenital heart defect?

A

ventricular septal defect

32
Q

what is the murmur heard w/ ventricular septal defect?

A

pansystolic murmur

33
Q

what is the murmur heard w/ atrial septal defect?

A

ejection systolic murmur heard loudest on inspiration

34
Q

which feature of tetralogy of fallot determines the degree of cyanosis?

A

the severity of R ventricular outflow obstruction

35
Q

what is the murmur heard in tetralogy of fallot?

A

ejection systolic murmur

36
Q
A

child health (1 decks)

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