Child development (Part 2 of growth and development) Flashcards
What are the 4 developmental domains?
Speech and language skills
Social skills
Fine motor skills
Gross motor skills
Define development
the global impression of a child which encompasses growth, increase in understanding, acquisition of new skills and more sophisticated responses and behaviour. It serves to endow the child with increasingly complex skills in order to function in society.
What is develpomental progression dependent upon?
Interplay between environmental and biological influences
Follows a constant patter although at variable rates among children.
What are limiting ages?
the age by which they should have been achieved = 2 standard deviations from the mean. They indicate cause of major concern.
What are the two subsets that make up developmental delay?
Global and Specific (language, sensory, motor, cognitive)
What are some causes of global delay?
Chromo abnormalities - Down’s, fragile X
Metabolic - hypothyroidism, inborn error of metabolism
antenatal and perinatal factors - infection, drugs, toxins, anoxia, trauma, folate deficiency
Environmental social factors
Chronic illness
What are some causes of motor delay?
cerebral palsy, global delay congenital dislocation of hip social deprivation spina bifida muscular dystrophy - Duchenne's
CAUSES OF LANGUAGE DELAY?
hearing loss learning disability autism lack of stimulation impaired speech comprehension - developmental dysphasia impaired speech prod. stammer
What are commonly used assessment tools?
Standardised tests
Schedule of Growing Skills (II)
Griffiths developmental scale
Bailey developmental scale
Denver developmental screening tests
What are the objectives of management ?
Maximise mobility
Minimise discomfort
Promote speech and language
Promote social and emotional health
