Child Development Final Exam December 2023

Question 1

What does the acronym PIES stand for?

Answer 1

Physical, Intellectual, Emotional, Social.

Question 2

Define uterus.

Answer 2

Hallow, muscular organ where a baby grows during pregnancy.

Question 3

Define fallopian tube.

Answer 3

Connects the ovaries to the uterus and serve as a pathway for the egg to travel from the ovary to the uterus.

Question 4

Define ovaries.

Answer 4

Produce eggs and release them during ovulation, as well as produce hormones like estrogen and progesterone.

Question 5

Define sperm.

Answer 5

Capable of fertilizing an egg to initiate pregnancy. Released during ejaculation and travel through the male to the female reproductive system for fertilization.

Question 6

List the 3 stages of pregnancy in order and the name the baby is referred to in each stage.

Answer 6

germinal - zygote
embryonic - embryo
fetal - fetus

Question 7

Define PKU.

Answer 7

Phenylketonuria, affects the body’s ability to break down an amino acid called phenylalanine.

Question 8

Define Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.

Answer 8

Occurs when a baby is exposed to alcohol in the womb, can cause a range of physical, mental, and developmental disabilities.

Question 9

Define Down Syndrome.

Answer 9

Occurs when there is an extra copy of chromosome 21, can cause intellectual and developmental delays.

Question 10

What is the difference between stillbirth and miscarriage?

Answer 10

Miscarriage is the loss of baby before 20 weeks, stillbirth is after 20 weeks.

Question 11

How many chromosomes does a typical baby receive from each parent?

Answer 11

23.

Question 12

Define lightening.

Answer 12

The baby moving lower into the pelvis as the due date approaches.

Question 13

Define dominant gene.

Answer 13

The stronger or more influential gene.

Question 14

Define surrogate mother.

Answer 14

A woman who carries a pregnancy on behalf of another person or couple.

Question 15

List 5 benefits to breastfeeding.

Answer 15

Nutritional benefits, immune system support, bonding and emotional connection, convenience and cost-effectiveness, long-term health benefits.

Question 16

How are identical and fraternal twins formed?

Answer 16

Identical twins are formed when a single fertilized egg splits into two, fraternal twins are formed when two separate eggs are fertilized.

Question 17

Give 2 examples of foods that should be avoided when a woman is pregnant.

Answer 17

Raw or uncooked seafood, unpasteurized dairy products

Question 18

List 2 physical milestones reached during month 3 and 8.

Answer 18

3 - baby develops organs and body systems.
8 - rapid growth and development.

Question 19

Define the rooting reflex.

Answer 19

A natural instinct that babies have that cause them to turn their head and look for something to suck on for feeding.

Question 20

Give 4 reasons why you should read to children.

Answer 20

Language development, cognitive development, bonding and emotional connection, building a love for reading

Question 21

Define in-vitro fertilization.

Answer 21

A way to help people who can’t have a baby on their own, combines an egg and sperm in a lab, and then puts the fertilized egg into the woman’s uterus.

Question 22

Define gross motor skills and give 2 examples.

Answer 22

Coordination and control of larger muscles. Running and kicking a ball.

Question 23

Define fine motor skills and give 2 examples.

Answer 23

Coordination and control of smaller muscles. Writing and tying shoelaces.

Question 24

Define amniotic fluid.

Answer 24

Clear, watery fluid that provides a stable environment for the fetus.

Question 25

How do the umbilical cord and placenta relate?

Answer 25

The umbilical cord connects the baby to the placenta.

Question 26

Compare and contrast an Obstetrician and Gynecologist.

Answer 26

An Obstetrician specializes in pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum care. A Gynecologist focuses on women’s health, even outside pregnancy.

Question 27

What is the difference between a bacterial and viral STD?

Answer 27

Bacterial is caused by bacteria and viral is caused by viruses.

Question 28

What bacterial STD can transfer to an unborn baby in utero if left unteated?

Answer 28

Syphilis.

Question 29

In the final stage of labor/delivery is the “after birth” which occurs about 20 minutes after birth. Describe what happens during this stage.

Answer 29

The placenta and the remaining membranes are expelled from the mother’s body.