Child Development Flashcards
(25 cards)
Define Cognitive development
How people think and understand the world through genetics and learned influences
What are the areas of cognitive development
Information processing, reasoning, language development, intelligence and memory,
Social development
Learning values, knowledge, relatable skills → start building relationships
What is behaviorism
All behaviors are learned through interactions with the environment) tabula rasa
Who was the founding father of behaviorism
B.f skinner
Jean Piaget theory
Theory of cognitive development, four stages
Piagets schema ideas
Knowledge develops through assimilation → taking on new information or accommodation → changes schema based on new knowledge
Describe piagets first cognitive development stage
Sensorimotor: world is developing through physical interactions and experience → object permanences, mobility,
Piagets second stage of cognitive development
Preoperational: toddler-early childhood, intelligence shows through symbols- language, memory and imagination grow, non logical thinking
Piagets third stage
Concrete operational: elementary-adolescence, logical and rational thinking to solve problems, permanence and conservation, science ideas, reversible thinking develops
Piagets fourth stage
Formal operational: adolescence - adulthood, independents adapt to new situations, advanced thinking
What is lev vygotsky theory
Social development theory + zone of proximal development)
Cognitive development forms through interactions or help from peers/adults
Define (ZPD)
Difference between Childs actual development and the potential → typically follow adult on more capable peer until proficient
Define scaffolding
Providing guidance and support
What was Howard Gardner known for
Theory of multiple intelligence
A different types → learning preference
List Howards 9 learning preferences
- Verbal-linguistic
2 logical-mathematical - Spatial-visual
- Bodily-kinesthetic
- Musical
- Interpersonal
- Intrapersonal
- Naturalistic
- Existential
What was Jerome Bruner known for
3 modes of representation learners use to interpret the world
enactive, iconic symbolic
Subject material must be modified to fit the learner
What was Albert bandura known for
Social learning theory
People learn best by observing, imitating and modeling behaviors, attitudes, emotions
*Observing
Bandura’s theory combines the…
Cognitive and behavioral learning theories with the requirements of attention, retention, reproduction, motivation in order to learn new information
What was Erik erikson known for
Theory of psychosocial development
8 stages from infancy to adulthood
Name eriksons 8 stages
- Trust vs. Mistrust
- Autonomy vs, shame and doubt
- Initiate vs. Guilt
- Industry vs, inferiority
- Identity vs. Confusion
- Intimacy vs. Isolation
- Generativity vs-stagnation
- Integrity vs. Despair
What was Abraham Maslow known for
Hierarchy of needs pyramid
Physiological safety, love esteem, self - actualization
What is Benjamin bloom known for
Domains of learning → blooms taxonomy
Hierarchy of skills that build upon one another
What skills are included in blooms taxonomy
- Remember and recall
- Understand and interpret
- Apply and implement
- Organize and implement
S. Evaluate and critique - Create and plan
