Child and Adolescent Kidney & Urinary Tract Flashcards
1
Q
Children with back pain and/or fever
A
Possible Pyelonephritis
2
Q
Colicky flank pain
A
May indicate passage of a stone
3
Q
Imaging for glomerulonephritis
A
Renal biopsy
4
Q
Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
A
- Following a 7-14 day Group A B-hemolytic streptococcal infection (usually pharyngitis or impetigo)
- Hematuria present
5
Q
Most common cause of Glomerulonephritis
A
- IgA Nephropathy
6
Q
Nephrotic Syndrome in Children
A
- Proteinuria
- Hypoalbuminemia
- Edema
- Hyperlipidemia
7
Q
Nephrotic Syndrome in Children
Imaging
A
- Renal Biopsy when little or no response to treatment
8
Q
Nephrotic Syndrome in Children
Treatment
A
- PO Corticosteroids - Prednisone 2mg/kg/day (max 60mg/day) for 6 weeks, then QOD for 6 more weeks
- Refer to Nephro when no response to corticosteroids
9
Q
UTIs in Children
A
- Girls > Boys older than 6 months
- E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus are most common organisms
10
Q
UTIs in Children
S/S
A
- Fever
- Flank pain
- Urinary frequency
- Enuresis
- Occasionally vomiting
11
Q
UTIs in Children
Diagnosis
A
- Gold Standard is urine culture
- Mid-stream clean catch is used in school aged children
- Renal ultrasound
12
Q
UTIs in Children
Treatment
A
- Most can be treated with Amoxicillin, Bactrim, or 1st gen cephalosporin (Keflex)
- Seriously ill are given 3rd gen cephalosporin (Cefdinir)
- Abx for 7-10 days
- Repeat C/S if patient does not improve in 24-48 hours
