Child abuse and Neglect; A diagnostic guide for Optometrists

Question 1

What is the percentage of all physically abused children, whom have ocular complications?

Answer 1

40%

Question 2

What 2 types of abuse are more common than physical abuse?

Answer 2

Emotional and Sexual Abuse

Question 3

What is the definition of Emotional Neglect?

Answer 3

Withholding love, nuturance, communication or in general sensitivity to the child’s emotional needs.

Question 4

What is the significance of Phthrus Pubis and being linked to child abuse?

Answer 4

If this is found on pediculosis palpebrum, there is definite sexual abuse

Question 5

What is the definition of physical neglect?

Answer 5

Failure to provide food, shelter or protection

Question 6

Who is usually the abuser in regards to physical abuse?

Answer 6

Primary caretaker

Question 7

In regards to cutaneous injury, when you see a reddish purple bruise, how recent would that bruise be considered?

Answer 7

Very recent

Question 8

After seeing a reddish purple bruise, what are the next 2 stages of healing colors?

Answer 8

Greenish-Brown, then Yellowish Brown and lastly clear.

Question 9

When you see a ring shaped bruise, what could that be from?

Answer 9

A bite.

Note: The size of the radius can determine the age of the individual

Question 10

If you find lesions in the corner of the mouth, what could this mean?

Answer 10

Strangulation has occurred, usually in the areas of the ankle, wrist, neck with or without rope burns