Chest X-Ray Flashcards
What are the ABCs of reading a CXR?
A - address
B - Bony Cage
C - Cardiac Silhouette
D - Diaphragm
E - ETT, Esophagus, Lines
F - Fields of the lung
G - General Impression
Compare the size of the heart in the AP view vs. the PA view. • which is a more accurate indicator of cardiomegaly?
AP view:
• Shadow is posterior so heart will appear larger
PA view:
• Shadow is anterior so heart will appear closer to the actual size
What defines a Solitary Pulmonary Nodule?
• Are they typically benign or malignant?
SPN - mass that is 3cm or less in size
30 - 40% are malignant
What are the features of a benign tumor?
- well DEFINED nodules
- NO Associated Lymph Node or Mediastinal Masses
- NO satellite lesions
- Calcified nodules
What are the 3 types of Benign Calcifications?
- Dense Calcification
- Popcorn Calcification
- Lamellar Calcification
What features suggest that an SPN is malignant?
- Spiculated Nodules
- Non-calcified Nodules
- Associated Mediastinal or Lymph Node masses
- Presence of Cavitations
- Large Nodules
How do you diagnose an SPN that you’re unsure about?
- Surgical Excision
- Transbronchial Sampling with a Fiberoptic Bronchoscope
- Trans thoracic needle aspiration
- Sputum Cytology (low yeild)
What is wrong in this image?
Pneumothorax
Label the points in this Image
Name each of these types of SPNs
A. Dense Calcification
B. Lamellar Calcification
C. Popcorn Calcification
What is wrong in this CXR?
Nothing, this is a normal CXR
What is shown here?
normal CXRs from AP and PA positions make the heart appear different sizes. The PA position is what you should judge cardiomegally off of.
What pathology is there in this CXR?
Cardiomegaly - could be the result of a VSD
What pathology is seen in the L and R images?
What is seen here and what does it mean?
Silhouette Sign
• Implies that the mass is located in front of the heart if looking at AP or on the back of the heart looking from PA
What is seen here?
What is seen here?
Left Atrium has splayed the Corina on the Left
What is seen in this CXR?
Para tracheal or Bilateral Hilar Adenopathy with or without Reticular Infiltrates
***You would see something like this in Sarcoidosis
What is seen in this CXR?
Para Tracheal or Bilateral Hilar Adenopathy with or without Reticular infiltrates
What is shown here?
Air Bronchograms - Brochioles get defined when the alveoli are filled with stuff
What is seen in this CXR?
This is a normal CXR
*Major Fissure seen as long line - below = lower lobe
* Minor Fissure seen as short line - above = upper lobe, below = middle lobe
