Chest imaging Flashcards
What is the standard projection for a CXR?
- PA
- Never assess heart size AP (as will appear cardiomegaly)
What should you be looking for on CXR to show adequate inspiration?
- at least 6 anterior ribs
- medial ends of the clavicle should be equidistant from the spinous process
What is the sign on CXR for left lower lobe collapse?
- loss of diaphragm line
What is the sign on CXR for left upper lobe collapse
- loss of clarity of heart shadow
- veil like opacity
What is the sign on CXR for right upper lobe collapse
- loss of clarity of the upper right mediastinum
- density in right upper lobe
- s sign
S sign on CXR may indicate?
- right upper lobe collapse
What is the sign on CXR for right middle lobe collapse
- loss of heart border
- preserved right hemidiaphragm
What is the sign on CXR for right lower lobe collapse
- loss of right hemidiaphragm
- heart border remains visble
Which hilum lies higher and why?
- left hilum is higher due to the presence of the heart
How will a pneumothorax appear on CXR
- Dark crescent
How will a pleural effusion appear on CXR
- Loss of costophrenic angle
A, B, C, D, E of heart failure?
- A - Alveolar oedema
- B - Kerley B lines
- C - Cardiomegaly
- D - Dilated upper lobe vessels
- E - Pleural effusion
What are your review areas for the CXR?
- Apices (masses, pneumothorax)
- behind heart (consolidation, masses, hiatus hernia)
- below diaphragm ( free gas, lines and tubes, gastric distension, bowel obstruction)
Explain normal placement of a endotracheal tube?
- normal - 5cm above carina
Normal placement of NG tube?
- straight down into diaphragm
- below left hemidiaphragm
