Chest Anatomy Flashcards
Which is more anterior, the trachea or esophagus
Trachea
Which is more posterior, trachea or esophagus
Esophagus
What structure is responsible to acting as a trapdoor to keep foreign bodies, such as food, from entering the airway?
Epiglottis
Why does the trachea consist of 16-20 cartilage rings?
Keep the airway open by preventing the trachea from collapsing during inspiration
What is the name of the point at which the trachea splits into the right and left bronchi?
Carina
Right lung has how many lobes and fissures?
3 lobes; 2 fissures
Left lung has how many lobes and fissures
Two lobes and one fissure
The rounded tops of both lungs are known as the?
Apices
The lower concave area of each lung that rest on the diaphragm are known as?
Bases
The extreme outermost lower corner of each lung, where diaphragm meets the ribs, are known as?
Costophrenic Angles
The inferior angle of the scapulae correspond to what thoracic spine level
T7
The bony landmark of the thorax used for locating the CR for an AP chest projection is?
T7
Name 2 bony landmarks of the thorax that are used for locating the CR for a PA Chest projection
C7 and T1
How many pairs of ribs are there in a normal thorax?
12
Bony thorax is defined as
Protective framework for the parts of the chest involved with breathing and blood circulation
What are the 4 divisions of the respiratory system?
Pharynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs
What is the anatomic term for Adam’s Apple
Laryngeal Prominence
What is the anatomic term for Voice Box
Larynx
What is the anatomic term for Breastbone
Sternum
What is the anatomic term for Shoulder Blade
Scapula
What is the anatomic term for Collar bone
Clavicle
What are the 3 divisions of structure located proximally to the larynx that serves as a common passageway for both food and air
- Nasopharynx
- Oropharynx
- Laryngopharynx
What bone is seen in the anterior portion of the neck and is found just below the tongue
Hyoid Bone
If a person accidentally inhales a food particle, which bronchus is it more likely to enter and WHY?
Right because it is wider and shorter and more vertical than the left bronchus
What is the term for the small air sacs located at the distal ends of the bronchioles in which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the blood?
Alveoli
A delicate, double walled sac or membrane containing the lungs is called
Pleura
The outer layer of this membrane adhering to the inner surface of the chest wall and diaphragm is the
Parietal Pleura
The inner layer adhering to surface of the lungs is
Visceral or Pulmonary pleura
Potential space between these two layers (Parietal pleura and pulmonary pleura) is called the
Pleural Cavity
Air or gas that enters the space is a condition called
Cavity between lungs and chest wall
Pneumothorax
Name 3 parts of the lung
Apex
Hilum
Base
Upper,rounded portion above the level of the clavicles
Apex
Central area in which bronchi and blood vessels enter the lungs
Hilum
Why is the left lung smaller than the right lung and why is the right hemidiaphragm positioned higher than the left hemidiaphragm
The left lung is smaller than the right because of the heart. The right hemidiaphragm is higher than the left because the liver is underneath the right lung
Structures that make up the mediastinum (4)
Thymus gland
Esophagus
Heart and Great vessels
Trachea
The xiphoid process of the sternum is at the level of
T9-T10 vertebrae
The sternal angle is at the level of
T4-T5 vertebrae
Anatomical Landmark for Chest positioning is
C7- vertebral prominence
T1 - upper most margin of apex of the lungs
Trachea extends from what vertebraes
C6 to T4-T5
Accumulation of fluid in pleura cavity (usually blood) creates
Pleural effusion of the hemothorax
Inflammation of the pleura surrounding the lungs
Pleurisy
Right bronchus sub divides into ____ secondary bronchi, called what
Left bronchus sub divides into_____ secondary bronchi
Right bronchus sub divides into 3 secondary bronchi
Terminal bronchioles
Left bronchus sub divides 2 secondary bronchi
Jugular notch is at what vertebrae
T2-T3
Mid thorax is what vertebrae
T7
What is the superior part of the sternum
Manubrium
Medial portion of the thoracic cavity between the lungs is
Mediastinum
