Chest

Question 1

Differential for cavitary lung lesions

Answer 1

C - cancer (bronchogenic, cavitory pulmonary mets (SCC)
A - Autoimmune (Wegener’s, rheumatoid)
V - Vascular (bland and septic emboli)
I - Infection (pulmonary TB, abscess)
T - Trauma (pneumatocoeles)
Y - Youth (CPAM, pulmonary sequestration, bronchogenic cyst)

Question 2

Chest X-ray findings interstitial edema

Answer 2

1 - Kerley A or B lines
2 - thickening of fissures
3 - peribronchial cuffing
4 - poor definition of pulmonary vessels / perihelia haze

Question 3

What is the anatomy of persistent Left Superior Vena Cava?

Answer 3

Descends along left mediastinum and empties into coronary sinus.
Left brachiocephalic vein is small or absent.

Question 4

Distance from the tip of ET tube to carina?

Answer 4

Neck neutral = 4-7cm
Flexed = 2-4cm
Extension = 7-9cm

Question 5

Where should the tip of a swan-gang catheter be placed?

Answer 5

Overlay main pulmonary arteries if sub segmental can cause infarction. Can be in truncus anterior, right interlobar pulmonary artery, left interloper pulmonary artery.

Question 6

Classification of endoleaks (grafts)

Answer 6

I - Attachment site of leak A - Prox, B - Distal
II - Collateral vessel leaks A - single vessel B - 2 or more
III - Graft failure, junction leak, disconnection fabric disruption. A - Junctional separation, B - endograft defect
IV - Graft - wall porosity (rare)
V - Endotension

Question 7

What does the classic 1-2-3 pattern in Sarcoidosis refer to?

Answer 7

1 - Right paratracheal nodes
2 - Right hilar
3 - Left hilar
SOME times get 1-2-3-4 with AP window

Question 8

How to tell the difference between right and left major fissure on the lateral (4)

Answer 8

1 - left anterior hemidiaphragm obscured by the heart
2 - left can be close to stomach bubble
3 - big rib sign, bigger on the right and should be posterior to left ribs
4 - right may be in contact with minor fissure