chemosynthesis Flashcards
What is an organism that carries out chemosynthesis?
Bacteria found in hydrothermal vents, such as Thermodesulfovibrio yellowstonii or sulfur-oxidizing bacteria
These bacteria thrive in extreme environments where sunlight is absent.
Where does chemosynthesis typically take place?
In environments without sunlight, like deep-sea hydrothermal vents, hot springs, or underground caves
These locations provide the necessary conditions for specific bacteria and archaea to survive.
What is the energy source for chemosynthesis?
Chemical energy derived from reactions involving substances like hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), methane (CH₄), or ammonia (NH₃)
Chemosynthetic organisms do not rely on sunlight for energy.
What is the process of chemosynthesis?
Chemosynthetic organisms oxidize inorganic molecules to release energy, which is then used to convert carbon molecules into organic compounds
This process is analogous to how plants use carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
What are symbiotic relationships in chemosynthetic organisms?
Some chemosynthetic bacteria live symbiotically with other organisms, such as tube worms near hydrothermal vents
The bacteria produce food for the worm by oxidizing hydrogen sulfide, while the worm provides a habitat and nutrients.
List the similarities between photosynthesis and chemosynthesis.
- Both convert carbon dioxide into organic compounds to produce food
- Both are essential to their respective ecosystems
These processes play critical roles in energy flow within ecosystems.
List the differences between photosynthesis and chemosynthesis.
- Photosynthesis uses sunlight as the energy source
- Chemosynthesis uses chemical reactions as the energy source
- Photosynthesis occurs in plants and algae
- Chemosynthesis occurs in specific bacteria and archaea, typically in dark environments
Understanding these differences highlights the adaptability of life in varying environmental conditions.
